{
 "assumptions": {
  "calibration": "defaults",
  "calibration_points": 3,
  "context_tokens": 16384,
  "efficiency": 0.5,
  "efficiency_moe": 0.3,
  "fast_tokens_per_second": 10.0,
  "fit_comfort_share": 0.9,
  "os_reserved_gb": 4,
  "overhead_gb": 1.0,
  "partial_offload_penalty": 0.15,
  "range_high": 1.3,
  "range_low": 0.7,
  "unified_bandwidth_scale": [
   [
    150.0,
    1.25
   ],
   [
    300.0,
    1.15
   ],
   [
    600.0,
    1.0
   ],
   [
    null,
    0.7
   ]
  ],
  "unified_usable_share": 0.7,
  "usable_tokens_per_second": 5.0,
  "weights_overhead_share": 0.05
 },
 "chip_count": 166,
 "credit": "Hardwarerig (https://hardwarerig.com/)",
 "kind": "Estimated from specs unless a row says Measured",
 "laptops": [
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 330",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 330 (4 cores, 8 threads)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated, shared memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "acer-aspire-14-16-ai-a16-61mt-r66u",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Aspire 14/16 AI AMD (A16-61MT-R66U)",
   "name": "Acer Aspire 14/16 AI AMD (A16-61MT-R66U)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). The memory speed is not printed, so bandwidth is left empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/aspire/aspire-14-16-ai-amd/pdp/NX.JNLAA.006"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-aspire-14-16-ai-a16-61mt-r66u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 445 (6 cores, 12 threads)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 840M Graphics (integrated, shared memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "acer-aspire-14-16-ai-a16-a71mt-r19j",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Aspire 14/16 AI AMD (A16-A71MT-R19J)",
   "name": "Acer Aspire 14/16 AI AMD (A16-A71MT-R19J)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). Bandwidth is left empty: Acer prints 8.53 GT/s memory but our chip list records 8000 MT/s as the AMD maximum for the Ryzen AI 7 445, so the sources disagree. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (Acer prints 8.53 GT/s)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/aspire/aspire-14-16-ai-amd/pdp/NX.JZUAA.003"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-aspire-14-16-ai-a16-a71mt-r19j/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra X9 388H (Series 3)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra X9 388H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics B390 (integrated, shared memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "acer-aspire-14-16-ai-ax16-i71m-969n",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Aspire 14/16 AI Intel (AX16-I71M-969N)",
   "name": "Acer Aspire 14/16 AI Intel (AX16-I71M-969N)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). The memory speed is not printed, so bandwidth is left empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/aspire/aspire-14-16-ai-intel/pdp/NX.JZNAA.001"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-aspire-14-16-ai-ax16-i71m-969n/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340 (6 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-61-r2qy-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16 AI AMD (ANV16-61-R2QY)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16 AI AMD (ANV16-61-R2QY)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16-ai-amd/pdp/NH.U25AA.003",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-61-r2qy-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-61-r8ue-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16 AI AMD (ANV16-61-R8UE)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16 AI AMD (ANV16-61-R8UE)",
   "notes": "Acer page lists 16GB standard memory and 32GB maximum (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration), and RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16-ai-amd/pdp/NH.U25AA.002",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-61-r8ue-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-i51-77cp-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16 AI Intel (ANV16-I51-77CP)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16 AI Intel (ANV16-I51-77CP)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/acer-nitro-v-16-ai-intel/pdp/NH.U3YAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16-ai-anv16-i51-77cp-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 5 210H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 5 210H (8 cores, 12 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16-anv16-72-541d-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16 Intel (ANV16-72-541D)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16 Intel (ANV16-72-541D)",
   "notes": "Acer page lists 16GB standard memory and 32GB maximum (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration), and RTX 5050 with 8GB, printed as GDDR6 (NVIDIA lists GDDR7). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. The maker page prints GDDR6 for this graphics chip while NVIDIA's own page lists GDDR7 for it; the figures disagree, so bandwidth is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16/pdp/NH.QZLAA.004",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16-anv16-72-541d-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 7 240H (10 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16-anv16-72-73c7-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16 Intel (ANV16-72-73C7)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16 Intel (ANV16-72-73C7)",
   "notes": "Acer page lists 32GB standard memory, which is also its top size, and RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16/pdp/NH.U2EAA.004",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16-anv16-72-73c7-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-an16s-61-r7yl-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16S AI AMD (AN16S-61-R7YL)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16S AI AMD (AN16S-61-R7YL)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16s-ai-amd/pdp/NH.U19AA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-an16s-61-r7yl-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260 (8 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-41-r27b-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16S AI AMD (ANV16S-41-R27B)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16S AI AMD (ANV16S-41-R27B)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16s-ai-amd/pdp/NH.U0ZAA.002",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-41-r27b-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-61-r3z0-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16S AI AMD (ANV16S-61-R3Z0)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16S AI AMD (ANV16S-61-R3Z0)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/nitro-v-16s-ai-amd/pdp/NH.U08AA.001",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-61-r3z0-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-i51-79l7-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Nitro V 16S AI Intel (ANV16S-I51-79L7)",
   "name": "Acer Nitro V 16S AI Intel (ANV16S-I51-79L7)",
   "notes": "Acer page lists 16GB standard memory and 32GB maximum (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration), and RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/nitro/acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-intel/pdp/NH.U4MAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-nitro-v-16s-ai-anv16s-i51-79l7-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-16-ai-ph16-73-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Predator Helios 16 AI (PH16-73-94AF)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios 16 AI (PH16-73-94AF)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard and 64GB maximum for this part number. VRAM is 24GB GDDR7 per the Acer page; GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-16-ai/pdp/NH.U0WAA.005",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-16-ai-ph16-73-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-18-ai-ph18-73-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "Predator Helios 18 AI (PH18-73-90A6)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios 18 AI (PH18-73-90A6)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard and 192GB maximum for this part number; sizes in between are not itemised. VRAM is 16GB GDDR7 per the Acer page; GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-18-ai/pdp/NH.U0FAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-18-ai-ph18-73-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-18-ai-ph18-73-96ce-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "Predator Helios 18 AI (PH18-73-96CE)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios 18 AI (PH18-73-96CE)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 64GB standard and 192GB maximum for this part number (192 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5090 with 24GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Sizes between 64GB and 192GB are not itemised. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-18-ai/pdp/NH.U83AA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-18-ai-ph18-i71-94zl-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-14-ai-phn14-71-760t-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 14 AI (PHN14-71-760T)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 14 AI (PHN14-71-760T)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-14-ai/pdp/NH.U2TAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-14-ai-phn14-71-760t-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-14-ai-phn14-71-906j-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 14 AI (PHN14-71-906J)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 14 AI (PHN14-71-906J)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard memory, which is also its top size. RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-14-ai/pdp/NH.U1BAA.001",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-14-ai-phn14-71-906j-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX (20 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-73-7166-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-73-7166)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-73-7166)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U1QAA.001",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-73-7166-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-73-95g8-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-73-95G8)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-73-95G8)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard memory, which is also its top size. RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U1QAA.002",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-73-95g8-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 270HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 270HX Plus (20 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-756v-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-756V)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-756V)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 64GB maximum for this part number (64 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U42AA.001",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-756v-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-905p-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-905P)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-905P)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 64GB maximum for this part number (64 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5070 Ti with 12GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U44AA.004",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-905p-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-93y2-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-93Y2)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-93Y2)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard and 64GB maximum for this part number (64 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5070 Ti with 12GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        71,
        132
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      },
      {
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       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U44AA.002",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-93y2-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-95fy-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-95FY)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16 AI (PHN16-I71-95FY)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 64GB maximum for this part number (64 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5080 with 16GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16-ai/pdp/NH.U5TAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16-ai-phn16-i71-95fy-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16s-ai-phn16s-i71-921l-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16S AI (PHN16S-I71-921L)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16S AI (PHN16S-I71-921L)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16s-ai/pdp/NH.U6LAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16s-ai-phn16s-i71-921l-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
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   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
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   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-16s-ai-phn16s-i71-953l-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 16S AI (PHN16S-I71-953L)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 16S AI (PHN16S-I71-953L)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard memory, which is also its top size. RTX 5070 Ti with 12GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "mistral-7b",
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       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-16s-ai/pdp/NH.U81AA.002",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-16s-ai-phn16s-i71-953l-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-helios-neo-18-ai-phn18-72-92y3-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Helios Neo 18 AI (PHN18-72-92Y3)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Helios Neo 18 AI (PHN18-72-92Y3)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5070 Ti with 12GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Part number NH.U0HAA.002 carries the same model code and the same figures on its Acer page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
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        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
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     ],
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    {
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        71,
        132
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SDRAM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/predator/laptops/helios/helios-neo-18-ai/pdp/NH.QVLAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-predator-helios-neo-18-ai-phn18-72-92y3-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 288V (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 288V (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-predator-triton-14-ai-pt14-52t-96t3-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Predator Triton 14 AI (PT14-52T-96T3)",
   "name": "Acer Predator Triton 14 AI (PT14-52T-96T3)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 32GB standard memory, which is also its top size. RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7 per the Acer page. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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        11
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      {
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        1.9
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        18
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        20
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        17
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        11
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        9.8
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        9.4
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      {
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        12,
        22
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      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
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        5.2
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      {
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        14,
        26
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      {
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        4.4
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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   "reported": [
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     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 8273",
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  },
  {
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      {
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        26
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       "needed_gb": 51.5
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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   "source_urls": [
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    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-Product-Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-swift-go-14-ai-sfg14-01-x7uc/",
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  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
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   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 (10 cores, 20 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-swift-x-14-ai-sfx14-61g-r75y-rtx-5070",
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   "model": "Swift X 14 AI AMD (SFX14-61G-R75Y)",
   "name": "Acer Swift X 14 AI AMD (SFX14-61G-R75Y)",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/swift/swift-x-14-ai-amd/pdp/NX.JMCAA.001",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-swift-x-14-ai-sfx14-61g-r75y-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Acer",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores, 16 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "acer-swift-x-14-ai-sfx14-61g-r9qe-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Swift X 14 AI AMD (SFX14-61G-R9QE)",
   "name": "Acer Swift X 14 AI AMD (SFX14-61G-R9QE)",
   "notes": "Acer lists 16GB standard and 32GB maximum for this part number (32 is a ceiling, not a sold configuration). RTX 5050 with 8GB GDDR6 per the Acer page. The maker page prints GDDR6 for this graphics chip while NVIDIA's own page lists GDDR7 for it; the figures disagree, so bandwidth is left empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.acer.com/us-en/laptops/swift/swift-x-14-ai-amd/pdp/NX.JMAAA.001",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/acer-swift-x-14-ai-sfx14-61g-r9qe-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M1",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "7-core or 8-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-13-2020-m1",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "MacBook Air 13-inch (2020, M1)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 13-inch (2020, M1)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 8GB, configurable to 16GB. The page gives no memory bandwidth figure, so it is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 5.6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 7,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 108.21,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 7.92
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 7,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 107.81,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 14.19
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 117.25,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 7.91
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 117.96,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 14.15
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111883"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-13-2020-m1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2020
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 100,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M2",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "8-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-13-2022-m2",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "MacBook Air 13-inch (2022, M2)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 13-inch (2022, M2)",
   "notes": "Also offered with a 10-core GPU. Apple lists 100GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
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      {
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       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    {
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      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.4,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 147.27,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 12.18
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 145.91,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 21.7
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 181.4,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 12.21
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 179.57,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 21.91
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111867"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-13-2022-m2/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2022
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 100,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M3",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "8-core or 10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-13-2024-m3",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "MacBook Air 13-inch (2024, M3)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 13-inch (2024, M3)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 100GB/s. The 10-core GPU is a configuration option.",
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      {
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       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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      },
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      {
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      {
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        32
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        25
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        18
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      },
      {
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "speed": [
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        16
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 15.9
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 51.5
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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        41
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        18,
        32
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      {
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       "speed": [
        13,
        25
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.4,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/118551"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-13-2024-m3/",
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   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 120,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M4",
   "cpu": "10-core CPU (4 performance, 6 efficiency)",
   "gpu": "8-core or 10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-13-2025-m4",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "MacBook Air 13-inch (2025, M4)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 13-inch (2025, M4)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 120GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.5,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.5,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 223.64,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 13.54
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 221.29,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 24.11
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122209"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-13-2025-m4/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 153,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M5",
   "cpu": "10-core CPU (4 super, 6 efficiency)",
   "gpu": "8-core or 10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-13-2026-m5",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "MacBook Air 13-inch (2026, M5)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 13-inch (2026, M5)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 153GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        7.6,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        7.6,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126320",
    "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2026/03/apple-introduces-the-new-macbook-air-with-m5/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-13-2026-m5/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 100,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M2",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-15-2023-m2",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "MacBook Air 15-inch (2023, M2)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 15-inch (2023, M2)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 100GB/s. The page shows an 8GB base with 16GB or 24GB options, and a 16GB base with 24GB.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 5.6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.4,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 147.27,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 12.18
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 145.91,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 21.7
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 181.4,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 12.21
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 179.57,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 21.91
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111346"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-15-2023-m2/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2023
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 100,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M3",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-15-2024-m3",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "MacBook Air 15-inch (2024, M3)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 15-inch (2024, M3)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 100GB/s. Same memory options as the 13-inch M3 Air.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 5.6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.4,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/118552"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-15-2024-m3/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 120,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M4",
   "cpu": "10-core CPU",
   "gpu": "10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-15-2025-m4",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "MacBook Air 15-inch (2025, M4)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 15-inch (2025, M4)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 120GB/s. The 13-inch M4 Air is already in the list.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.5,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.5,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 223.64,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 13.54
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 10,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 221.29,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 24.11
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122210"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-15-2025-m4/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 153,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Apple M5",
   "cpu": "10-core CPU (4 super, 6 efficiency)",
   "gpu": "10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-air-15-2026-m5",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "MacBook Air 15-inch (2026, M5)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Air 15-inch (2026, M5)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 153GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        7.6,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16.8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        25,
        46
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
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       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        7.6,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126321"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-air-15-2026-m5/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "macbook",
   "chip": "Apple M1",
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   "gpu": "8-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-13-2020-m1",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
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   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 13-inch (2020, M1)",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
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      {
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      },
      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 70.5
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      },
      {
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       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
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    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 7,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
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     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 7.92
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
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     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 107.81,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 14.19
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
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     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 117.25,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 7.91
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
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     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 14.15
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   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111893"
   ],
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   "year": 2020
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 100,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "macbook",
   "chip": "Apple M2",
   "cpu": "8-core CPU",
   "gpu": "10-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-13-2022-m2",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "MacBook Pro 13-inch (2022, M2)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 13-inch (2022, M2)",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
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       "speed": [
        22,
        41
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      },
      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
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      {
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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        41
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        32
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        13,
        25
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      },
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       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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        8.4,
        16
       ],
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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      {
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       "model": "phi4-14b",
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      {
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      {
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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    {
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        41
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        18,
        32
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       "speed": [
        13,
        25
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      },
      {
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       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.4,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.4,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 8,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 147.27,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
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       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        6.8,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125405",
    "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2025/10/apple-unveils-new-14-inch-macbook-pro-powered-by-the-m5-chip/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-pro-14-2025-m5/",
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   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 460,
   "brand": "Apple",
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   "model": "MacBook Pro 14-inch (2026, M5 Max 32-core GPU)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (2026, M5 Max 32-core GPU)",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 36,
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      {
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        80,
        150
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      },
      {
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       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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        64,
        120
       ],
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      {
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        49,
        91
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      },
      {
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        37,
        68
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      {
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       "speed": [
        33,
        61
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
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       "thinking": "optional"
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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        20,
        37
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
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       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        17,
        32
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       "thinking": "optional"
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      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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       "speed": [
        40,
        74
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
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       "speed": [
        47,
        87
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 25.2
    }
   ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "c1d0e7a",
     "gpu_cores": 40,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 3143.81,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 72.42
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
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     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
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     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
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   ],
   "source_urls": [
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   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 307,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "macbook",
   "chip": "Apple M5 Pro",
   "cpu": "15-core or 18-core CPU",
   "gpu": "16-core or 20-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-14-2026-m5-pro",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "MacBook Pro 14-inch (2026, M5 Pro)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (2026, M5 Pro)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 307GB/s and up to 64GB for M5 Pro. Intermediate memory options are not listed here because the Apple pages conflict.",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
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      {
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        54,
        100
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      },
      {
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        43,
        80
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        60
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        24,
        45
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      {
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        22,
        41
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        21,
        38
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        25
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        22
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        22
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        12,
        21
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        50
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
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      },
      {
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      {
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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    {
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        54,
        100
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      {
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        43,
        80
       ],
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        33,
        60
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       "speed": [
        24,
        45
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      },
      {
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       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ]
      },
      {
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       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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        21,
        38
       ],
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      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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        13,
        25
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      },
      {
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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        12,
        22
       ],
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      },
      {
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        12,
        22
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      {
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        21
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      {
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        50
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      {
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        12
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      },
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        58
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      {
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        10
       ],
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      {
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       "needed_gb": 51.5
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      {
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       "fit": "Won't fit",
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     ],
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   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
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    {
     "backend": "Metal",
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    {
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    {
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   ],
   "source_urls": [
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    "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2026/03/apple-introduces-macbook-pro-with-all-new-m5-pro-and-m5-max/"
   ],
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  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 300,
   "brand": "Apple",
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   "cpu": "14-core CPU (10 performance, 4 efficiency)",
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   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-14-2023-m3-max-30gpu",
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   "model": "MacBook Pro 14-inch (Nov 2023, M3 Max 14-core CPU, 30-core GPU)",
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      {
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        78
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        40
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        38
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      {
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        24
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      },
      {
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        22
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        21
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      },
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        21
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        49
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      {
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        57
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      {
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      {
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    {
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        98
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        10
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       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
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        4.9,
        9
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      {
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        8.9
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      },
      {
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        8.7
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      {
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        11,
        20
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      {
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      {
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      },
      {
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      },
      {
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      {
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  {
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        130
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        104
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        79
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        59
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        130
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        76
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        62
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        13
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  {
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  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 400,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "macbook",
   "chip": "Apple M2 Max",
   "cpu": "12-core CPU",
   "gpu": "38-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-16-2023-m2-max-38gpu",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "MacBook Pro 16-inch (2023, M2 Max 38-core GPU)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 16-inch (2023, M2 Max 38-core GPU)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 400GB/s and 32GB base memory, configurable to 64GB or 96GB. A 30-core GPU option also exists and is not listed separately.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        70,
        130
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        56,
        104
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        42,
        79
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        32,
        59
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        29,
        53
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        70,
        130
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        56,
        104
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        42,
        79
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        32,
        59
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        29,
        53
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        8.2,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        7,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 44.8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        70,
        130
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        56,
        104
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        42,
        79
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        32,
        59
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        29,
        53
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        8.2,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        7,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        3.3,
        6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 67.2
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 30,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 540.15,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 39.97
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 30,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 537.6,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 60.99
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 38,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 677.91,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 41.83
    },
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 38,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 671.31,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
     "tg_tps": 65.95
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111838"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/apple-macbook-pro-16-2023-m2-max-38gpu/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2023
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 200,
   "brand": "Apple",
   "category": "macbook",
   "chip": "Apple M2 Pro",
   "cpu": "12-core CPU",
   "gpu": "19-core GPU",
   "gpu_type": "unified",
   "id": "apple-macbook-pro-16-2023-m2-pro",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "MacBook Pro 16-inch (2023, M2 Pro)",
   "name": "Apple MacBook Pro 16-inch (2023, M2 Pro)",
   "notes": "Apple lists 200GB/s for M2 Pro and 16GB base memory, configurable to 32GB.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        40,
        75
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        32,
        60
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        24,
        45
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        16,
        31
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 11.2
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        40,
        75
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        32,
        60
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        24,
        45
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        16,
        31
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        8.7,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        20,
        37
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 22.4
    }
   ],
   "os": "macOS",
   "ram_type": "unified memory",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 16,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 288.46,
     "quant": "Q8_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 4167",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/4167",
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    {
     "backend": "Metal",
     "build": "8e672ef",
     "gpu_cores": 16,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
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     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
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        233
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X onboard",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/me-en/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-p16-h7606/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model. NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-p16-h7606/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 4070)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 4070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model. NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty. VRAM for RTX 4070 is NVIDIA's figure. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-p16-h7606/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt P16 (H7606, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-p16-h7606/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-p16-h7606-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-proart-px13-hn7306-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ProArt PX13 (HN7306, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt PX13 (HN7306, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-px13-hn7306/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-px13-hn7306-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 256,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ 395",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ 395",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-proart-px13-hn7306-ryzen-ai-max-395",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ProArt PX13 (HN7306, Ryzen AI Max+ 395)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt PX13 (HN7306, Ryzen AI Max+ 395)",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is AMD's figure for the Ryzen AI Max+ 395 (stated on its Ryzen AI Halo page); the ASUS page prints no GB/s. Other PX13 columns pair two memory sizes with several graphics options and were skipped. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "ROCm (HIP)",
     "build": "e60f241",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 911.36,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15021",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15021",
     "tg_tps": 50.01
    },
    {
     "backend": "ROCm (HIP)",
     "build": "e60f241",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1003.53,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15021",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15021",
     "tg_tps": 49.87
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-px13-hn7306/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-px13-hn7306-ryzen-ai-max-395/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 152,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite X2E-88-100",
   "cpu": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite X2E-88-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-proart-pz14-ht7407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ProArt PZ14 (HT7407)",
   "name": "ASUS ProArt PZ14 (HT7407)",
   "notes": "ASUS prints \"Memory Bandwith 152GB/s\" for this chip in the processor cell. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        27,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        40
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        27,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        40
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.7,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.7,
        4.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-creators/proart/proart-pz14-ht7407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-proart-pz14-ht7407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 256,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ 395",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 8060S (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-rog-flow-z13-2025-ryzen-ai-max-395",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ROG Flow Z13 (2025) GZ302",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Flow Z13 (2025) GZ302",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is AMD's figure for the Ryzen AI Max+ 395 (on its Ryzen AI Halo page). The spec page lists 32GB, 64GB and 128GB onboard memory.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 124
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8000 onboard",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "ROCm (HIP)",
     "build": "e60f241",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 911.36,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15021",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15021",
     "tg_tps": 50.01
    },
    {
     "backend": "ROCm (HIP)",
     "build": "e60f241",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1003.53,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15021",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15021",
     "tg_tps": 49.87
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-flow/rog-flow-z13-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/ryzen-ai-halo/ryzen-ai-max-plus-395.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-flow-z13-2025-ryzen-ai-max-395/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D, 9955HX or 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D, 9955HX or 8940HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g16-2025-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G16 (2025) G614",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G16 (2025) G614",
   "notes": "The spec page lists 16GB and 8GB x2 and 16GB x2 SO-DIMM kits with a 64GB maximum (two slots). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g16-2025-g614/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g16-2025-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D, 9955HX or 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D, 9955HX or 8940HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g16-2025-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G16 (2025) G614",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G16 (2025) G614",
   "notes": "The spec page lists 16GB and 8GB x2 and 16GB x2 SO-DIMM kits with a 64GB maximum (two slots). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g16-2025-g614/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g16-2025-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX or Ryzen 9 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX (16 cores) or 8940HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "ROG lists 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM with a 64GB maximum. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025-g814/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX or Ryzen 9 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX (16 cores) or 8940HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "ROG lists 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM with a 64GB maximum. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025-g814/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX or Ryzen 9 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX (16 cores) or 8940HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G814, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "ROG lists 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM with a 64GB maximum. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025-g814/spec/",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g814-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i9-14900HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores) and two 14th-gen HX chips",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "ROG prints 8GB x 2 for one SKU and a 64GB maximum for all; other SKUs print no module size, so 16 is the only stated installed size. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i9-14900HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores) and two 14th-gen HX chips",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "ROG prints 8GB x 2 for one SKU and a 64GB maximum for all; other SKUs print no module size, so 16 is the only stated installed size. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i9-14900HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores) and two 14th-gen HX chips",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "ROG prints 8GB x 2 for one SKU and a 64GB maximum for all; other SKUs print no module size, so 16 is the only stated installed size. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025/spec/",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i9-14900HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores) and two 14th-gen HX chips",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5080)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix G18 (2025, G815, RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "ROG prints 8GB x 2 for one SKU and a 64GB maximum for all; other SKUs print no module size, so 16 is the only stated installed size. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-g18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-g18-2025-g815-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-scar-16-2025-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix SCAR 16 (2025, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 16 (2025, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "The spec table prints 32GB x 2 DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (64GB) for every SKU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-scar-16-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-scar-16-2025-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-scar-16-2025-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix SCAR 16 (2025, RTX 5090)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 16 (2025, RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "The spec table prints 32GB x 2 DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (64GB) for every SKU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-scar-16-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-scar-16-2025-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "The spec table prints 32GB x 2 DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (64GB) for every SKU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-scar-18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5080)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "The spec table prints 32GB x 2 DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (64GB) for every SKU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-scar-18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5090)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 18 (2025, RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "The spec table prints 32GB x 2 DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (64GB) for every SKU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/laptops/rog-strix/rog-strix-scar-18-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-strix-scar-18-2025-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025) GA403",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025) GA403",
   "notes": "The spec page lists 16GB (LPDDR5X-7500) and 32GB (LPDDR5X-8000) onboard options. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 or 8000 onboard",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g14-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025) GA403",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025) GA403",
   "notes": "The spec page lists 16GB (LPDDR5X-7500) and 32GB (LPDDR5X-8000) onboard options. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 or 8000 onboard",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g14-2025/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 270",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 270 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G14 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "ROG lists two GA403UP SKUs with the Ryzen 9 270: 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X-7500 on board. The 5070 Ti and 5080 versions are separate rows already in the file. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g14-2025/spec/",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g14-2025-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "notes": "Memory is soldered; the page lists 16, 32 and 64GB across configurations. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 onboard",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "notes": "Memory is soldered; the page lists 16, 32 and 64GB across configurations. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 onboard",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "name": "ASUS ROG Zephyrus G16 (2025) GU605",
   "notes": "Memory is soldered; the page lists 16, 32 and 64GB across configurations. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
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       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
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       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        95,
        176
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      },
      {
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        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
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       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
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       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
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       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
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       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
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       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 onboard",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://rog.asus.com/us/laptops/rog-zephyrus/rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605/spec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-rog-zephyrus-g16-2025-gu605-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 or Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 or Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2024-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A14 (2024, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A14 (2024, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty. Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 column lists 2 x 8GB and 2 x 16GB (max 32GB); Ryzen 7 8845HS column lists 2 x 8GB (max 16GB).  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2024/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2024-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2025-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A14 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A14 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a14-2025-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 7940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 7940HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa607-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2024, 7940HX, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2024, 7940HX, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa607-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 7940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 7940HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa607-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2024, 7940HX, RTX 4070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2024, 7940HX, RTX 4070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa607-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2024, FA608, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2024, FA608, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2024, FA608, RTX 4070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2024, FA608, RTX 4070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty. ASUS prints the GPU name; VRAM (8GB) is NVIDIA's figure for the RTX 4070 laptop GPU.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2024-fa608-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260 (8 cores, FA608UHI)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB or 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB, with a 64GB maximum, across five SKUs; the page table does not pair every SKU with one memory size, so sizes are given as 16;32. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (one SKU lists DDR5-5200)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX or Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX (FA608PM) or Ryzen 7 260 (FA608UM, FA608UMI)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB or 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB, with a 64GB maximum, across five SKUs; the page table does not pair every SKU with one memory size, so sizes are given as 16;32. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (one SKU lists DDR5-5200)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 270",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 270 (8 cores, FA608UP)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A16 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB or 2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB, with a 64GB maximum, across five SKUs; the page table does not pair every SKU with one memory size, so sizes are given as 16;32. bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (one SKU lists DDR5-5200)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a16-2025-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 or DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX or Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX or Ryzen 7 260",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming A18 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (Ryzen 7 260 SKU lists DDR5-5200)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-a18-2025-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i7-13650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i7-13650HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2024-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2024, RTX 4060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2024, RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs, so it is empty.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2024/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2024-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-13450HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i5-13450HX or Core i7-14650HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i7-14650HX or Core i5-14450HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX, Core i7-14650HX or Core i5-14450HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i7-14650HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i7-14650HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2025, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2025-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2026, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2026, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "TUF Gaming F16 (2026, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "ASUS TUF Gaming F16 (2026, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Each ASUS column is one model; sizes are totals (8GB*2 = 16). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.  Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-gaming/tuf-gaming/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026/techspec/",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-tuf-gaming-f16-2026-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-14-m1407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 14 (M1407)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 14 (M1407)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB DDR5 on board with maximum 32GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board (dual channel needs one SO-DIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-14-m1407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-14-m1407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V, Core Ultra 5 226V or Core Ultra 9 386H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V, Core Ultra 5 226V or Core Ultra 9 386H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics or Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-14-flip-tp3407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 14 Flip (TP3407)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 14 Flip (TP3407)",
   "notes": "16GB (Lunar Lake, on package) or 32GB (386H, on board). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on package or on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-14-flip-tp3407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-14-flip-tp3407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i7-1255U or Core i5-1235U",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i7-1255U or Core i5-1235U",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-15-x1504",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Vivobook 15 (X1504)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 15 (X1504)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 8GB on board with an optional 8GB SO-DIMM (max 16GB) and a 4GB + 4GB configuration (max 12GB). Dual-channel needed for Iris Xe. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR4 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-15-x1504/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-15-x1504/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 7730U or Ryzen 5 7530U",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 7730U or Ryzen 5 7530U",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-15-oled-m1505",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Vivobook 15 OLED (M1505)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 15 OLED (M1505)",
   "notes": "8GB DDR4 on board, optional 8GB SO-DIMM; maximum 16GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR4 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-15-oled-m1505/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-15-oled-m1505/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350, AI 5 340, AI 5 330 or AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350, AI 5 340, AI 5 330 or AI 7 445",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-16-m1607",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 16 (M1607)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 16 (M1607)",
   "notes": "16GB DDR5 on board; maximum 32GB for most SKUs and 16GB for one. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board (dual channel needs one SO-DIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-16-m1607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-16-m1607/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5/7/9 (H and 300 series)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 9 285H, 7 255H, 5 225H, 7 355, 5 325",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-16-x1607",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 16 (X1607)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 16 (X1607)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB DDR5 on board and 8GB or 16GB SO-DIMM modules; maximum 32GB for most SKUs and 8GB for one. Arc graphics apply only to some chips and dual-channel memory. Bandwidth is empty because the chips and module counts differ.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-16-x1607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-16-x1607/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X X1-26-100",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X X1-26-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-16-x1607q",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Vivobook 16 (X1607QA, Snapdragon X)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 16 (X1607QA, Snapdragon X)",
   "notes": "Qualcomm brief for X1-26-100 is image-only, so bandwidth is empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-16-x1607q/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-16-x1607q/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V, 256V, Core Ultra 9 386H or Core Ultra 7 355",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V, 256V, Core Ultra 9 386H or Core Ultra 7 355",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics or Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-16-flip-tp3607",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 16 Flip (TP3607)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 16 Flip (TP3607)",
   "notes": "The Lunar Lake SKUs print \"only supports single-channel memory\"; bandwidth left empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on package or on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-16-flip-tp3607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-16-flip-tp3607/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260, Ryzen AI 9 465 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260, Ryzen AI 9 465 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-18-m1807",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook 18 (M1807)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook 18 (M1807)",
   "notes": "16GB on board, optional 16GB SO-DIMM; maximum 32GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-18-m1807/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-18-m1807/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355 or Core Ultra 5 325",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 355 or Core Ultra 5 325",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s14-s3407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 14 (S3407)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 14 (S3407)",
   "notes": "16GB on board, optional 16GB SO-DIMM; maximum 32GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s14-s3407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s14-s3407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5/7/9 (H series) or Core Ultra 5/7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 9 185H, 7 155H, 5 125H, 7 258V, 7 256V, 5 228V, 5 226V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s-14-oled-s5406",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 14 OLED (S5406)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 14 OLED (S5406)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB on board for some SKUs and 32GB on package for others. Bandwidth is empty because the chips differ and the page gives no speed.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s-14-oled-s5406/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s-14-oled-s5406/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus or X Elite",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P-64-100, X1P-42-100 or X Elite X1E-78-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s-15-s5507",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 15 (S5507)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 15 (S5507)",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Elite and X Plus families.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s-15-s5507/techspec/",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Product-Brief-Snapdragon-X-Elite.pdf",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-8-Core-Product-Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s-15-s5507/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s-15-oled-s5506",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Vivobook S 15 OLED (S5506)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 15 OLED (S5506)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists one memory option, 16GB, as also the maximum. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s-15-oled-s5506/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s-15-oled-s5506/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 465 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 465 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s16-m3607",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 16 (M3607)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 16 (M3607)",
   "notes": "16GB on board, optional 16GB SO-DIMM; maximum 32GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s16-m3607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s16-m3607/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H or Core Ultra 7 355",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H or Core Ultra 7 355",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s16-s3607",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 16 (S3607)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 16 (S3607)",
   "notes": "16GB on board, optional 16GB SO-DIMM; maximum 32GB. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 on board and SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s16-s3607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s16-s3607/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 152,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite X2E-88-100",
   "cpu": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite X2E-88-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s16-s3607q",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 16 (S3607NA, Snapdragon X2 Elite)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 16 (S3607NA, Snapdragon X2 Elite)",
   "notes": "ASUS prints \"Memory Bandwith 152GB/s\" in the processor cell. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        27,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        40
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        27,
        49
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        21,
        40
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.7,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.7,
        4.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s16-s3607q/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s16-s3607q/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HS, Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HS, Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 7 350",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-m5606",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 16 OLED (M5606)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 16 OLED (M5606)",
   "notes": "Three ASUS columns; maximum 16GB for two of them and 32GB for one. Bandwidth empty because chips differ. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-m5606/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-m5606/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H, Core Ultra 5 125H or Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H, Core Ultra 5 125H or Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-s5606",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vivobook S 16 OLED (S5606)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S 16 OLED (S5606)",
   "notes": "Two ASUS columns (16GB or 32GB). Bandwidth empty because chips differ. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-s5606/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s-16-oled-s5606/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X X1-26-101",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X X1-26-101 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-vivobook-s14-s5408-qualcomm",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Vivobook S14 (S5408, Qualcomm)",
   "name": "ASUS Vivobook S14 (S5408, Qualcomm)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 8GB and 16GB LPDDR5X on board. Bandwidth is empty because this chip has no figure in our chip list.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
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       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/vivobook/asus-vivobook-s14-s5408-qualcomm/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-vivobook-s14-s5408-qualcomm/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 8840HS, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 8840HS, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 7 445",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-14-oled-um3406",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook 14 OLED (UM3406)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook 14 OLED (UM3406)",
   "notes": "The Ryzen 7 8840HS column lists only 16GB. Bandwidth empty because chips differ. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-14-oled-um3406/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-14-oled-um3406/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 H series (Series 1: 125H, 155H, 185H; Series 2: 225H, 255H, 285H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H series, 14 to 16 cores",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics or Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-14-oled-ux3405",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook 14 OLED (UX3405)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook 14 OLED (UX3405)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 8GB LPDDR5 and 16GB or 32GB LPDDR5X on board, with dual channel supported. Arc graphics need a Series 1 chip and at least 16GB. Bandwidth left empty because the page does not print the memory speed.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board (8GB option is LPDDR5)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-14-oled-ux3405/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-14-oled-ux3405/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus, Snapdragon X, X Elite or X2 Elite",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P-42-100 (8 cores), X1-26-100 (8 cores), X Elite X1E-78-100 (12 cores), X2 Elite X2E-88-100 (18 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-a14-ux3407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook A14 (UX3407)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook A14 (UX3407)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X on board. Bandwidth is empty because the chips span 135GB/s (X Plus, X Elite) and 152GB/s (X2 Elite) and the X1-26-100 has no figure in our chip list.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-a14-ux3407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-a14-ux3407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X X1-26-100",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X X1-26-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607-snapdragon-x",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook A16 (UX3607, Snapdragon X)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook A16 (UX3607, Snapdragon X)",
   "notes": "Qualcomm brief for X1-26-100 is image-only, so bandwidth is empty. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607-snapdragon-x/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 228,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite Extreme X2E-96-100 or X2E-94-100",
   "cpu": "Qualcomm Snapdragon X2 Elite Extreme X2E-96-100 or X2E-94-100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607-x2-elite-extreme",
   "max_ram_gb": 48,
   "model": "Zenbook A16 (UX3607, X2 Elite Extreme)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook A16 (UX3607, X2 Elite Extreme)",
   "notes": "ASUS prints \"Memory Bandwith 228GB/s\" in the processor cell. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        40,
        74
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        32,
        59
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        24,
        45
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        16,
        30
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        15,
        28
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        9.9,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        20,
        37
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        23,
        43
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 44
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on package",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-a16-ux3607-x2-elite-extreme/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H or Core Ultra 9 285H (page also lists Ultra 7 155H, 125H and 255H)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H or Core Ultra 9 285H (page also lists Ultra 7 155H, 125H and 255H)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-duo-2024-ux8406",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook DUO (2024, UX8406)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook DUO (2024, UX8406)",
   "notes": "The page lists five chips across two columns; bandwidth empty because speeds are not printed. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-duo-2024-ux8406/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-duo-2024-ux8406/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra X9, X7, 9 or 7 (Series 3)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra X9 388H, X9 378H, X7 358H, Ultra 9 386H and Ultra 7 355",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-duo-ux8407",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook DUO (UX8407)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook DUO (UX8407)",
   "notes": "ASUS lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X on board and prints Intel Arc Graphics or Intel Graphics depending on the chip. Bandwidth is empty because the chips differ (153.6 and 136.5 in our chip list) and the page gives no speed.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-duo-ux8407/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-duo-ux8407/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-s-14-ux5406",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook S 14 (UX5406)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook S 14 (UX5406)",
   "notes": "The spec page lists 32GB as both configuration and maximum. Intel does not publish a bandwidth figure on its product pages, so it is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on package",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-s-14-ux5406/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-s-14-ux5406/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "ASUS",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370, AI 9 365, AI 7 350, AI 9 HX 470, AI 9 465 or AI 7 445",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370, AI 9 365, AI 7 350, AI 9 HX 470, AI 9 465 or AI 7 445",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "asus-zenbook-s-16-um5606",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Zenbook S 16 (UM5606)",
   "name": "ASUS Zenbook S 16 (UM5606)",
   "notes": "Three ASUS columns (24GB or 32GB, max 32GB). Bandwidth empty because chips differ. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X on board",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.asus.com/us/laptops/for-home/zenbook/asus-zenbook-s-16-um5606/techspec/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/asus-zenbook-s-16-um5606/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra HX (see Dell page)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-alienware-16-area-51-aa16250-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Alienware 16 Area-51 (AA16250)",
   "name": "Dell Alienware 16 Area-51 (AA16250)",
   "notes": "Dell page lists 16GB, 32GB and 64GB memory options and RTX 5060 to 5090 GPU options. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 up to 6400 MT/s",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-laptops/alienware-16-area-51-gaming-laptop/spd/alienware-area-51-aa16250-gaming-laptop",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-alienware-16-area-51-aa16250-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra HX (see Dell page)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-alienware-16-area-51-aa16250-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Alienware 16 Area-51 (AA16250)",
   "name": "Dell Alienware 16 Area-51 (AA16250)",
   "notes": "Dell page lists 16GB, 32GB and 64GB memory options and RTX 5060 to 5090 GPU options. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 up to 6400 MT/s",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-laptops/alienware-16-area-51-gaming-laptop/spd/alienware-area-51-aa16250-gaming-laptop",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-alienware-16-area-51-aa16250-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225U, 235U, Core Ultra 7 255U, 265U, Core 3 100U, Core 5 120U, 220U, Core 7 150U or 250U",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 200U (12 cores) and Core 3/5/7 100U and 200U (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-pro-14-plus-pb14250-core-ultra-200u-core-100u-200u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Dell Pro 14 Plus PB14250 (also Dell Pro 14 Plus 2-in-1), Intel Core Ultra 200U / Core 100U and 200U",
   "name": "Dell Dell Pro 14 Plus PB14250 (also Dell Pro 14 Plus 2-in-1), Intel Core Ultra 200U / Core 100U and 200U",
   "notes": "Dell Owner's Manual (Intel Core Ultra 200U Series / Intel Core 100U and 200U Series; covers Dell Pro 14 Plus and 2-in-1, PB14250) lists two SODIMM slots, 8GB (1 x 8GB) to 64GB (2 x 32GB) DDR5; the speed line prints 5600 MT/s for Intel Core Ultra 200U series and 5200 MT/s for Intel Core 100U and 200U series. The configuration list does not mark channels. The processor table lists nine options, each with 'Intel Graphics'. Bandwidth left empty (no channel mode or bus width printed, two speeds). Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (SODIMM), 5600 MT/s (Core Ultra 200U) or 5200 MT/s (Core 100U and 200U)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb14250-2-in-1-laptop/dellpro-14-plus_om_arl/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb14250-2-in-1-laptop/dellpro-14-plus_om_arl/processor?guid=guid-c3f3af80-7cc6-410c-ac27-e55a2f2766a2&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-pro-14-plus-pb14250-core-ultra-200u-core-100u-200u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 226V, 236V, 238V, Core Ultra 7 266V or 268V",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 200V series (8 cores, 8 threads)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-pro-14-plus-pb14250-core-ultra-200v",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Dell Pro 14 Plus PB14250 (also Dell Pro 14 Plus 2-in-1), Intel Core Ultra 200V",
   "name": "Dell Dell Pro 14 Plus PB14250 (also Dell Pro 14 Plus 2-in-1), Intel Core Ultra 200V",
   "notes": "Dell Owner's Manual (Intel Core Ultra 200V Series; covers Dell Pro 14 Plus and Dell Pro 14 Plus 2-in-1, PB14250) lists memory on package, integrated in the processor and not upgradeable: 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X at 8533 MT/s. Processor table lists five options, each with Intel Arc Graphics. Bandwidth left empty: the manual does not print dual-channel or a bus width. The manual does not say which size goes with which processor. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (memory on package)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb14250-2-in-1-laptop/dell_pro_plus14_pb-14250_om/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb14250-2-in-1-laptop/dell_pro_plus14_pb-14250_om/processor?guid=guid-e25f3992-595c-44fd-83a2-3be669a094c1&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-pro-14-plus-pb14250-core-ultra-200v/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225U, 235U, Core Ultra 7 255U, 265U, Core 3 100U, Core 5 120U, 220U, Core 7 150U or 250U",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 200U (12 cores) and Core 3/5/7 100U and 200U (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-pro-16-plus-pb16250-core-ultra-200u-core-100u-200u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200U / Core 100U and 200U",
   "name": "Dell Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200U / Core 100U and 200U",
   "notes": "Dell Owner's Manual (Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200U Series / Intel Core 100U and 200U Series) lists two SODIMM slots, 8GB to 64GB DDR5; 1 x 8GB, 1 x 16GB and 1 x 32GB are printed as single-channel and 2 x 8GB, 2 x 16GB and 2 x 32GB as dual-channel. Speed line: Intel Core Ultra 5/7 5600 MT/s, Intel Core 3/5/7 5200 MT/s. The processor table lists nine options, each with 'Intel Graphics'. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed, two speeds). Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (SODIMM), 5600 MT/s (Core Ultra 5/7) or 5200 MT/s (Core 3/5/7)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb16250-laptop/dellpro16plus_pb-16250_om_arl/memory?guid=guid-177b306d-ceda-48df-b374-e02fa0c35e6e&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb16250-laptop/dellpro16plus_pb-16250_om_arl/processor?guid=guid-be63aacf-9a53-457f-a284-4b0929302902&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-pro-16-plus-pb16250-core-ultra-200u-core-100u-200u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 226V, 236V, 238V, Core Ultra 7 266V or 268V",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 200V series (8 cores, 8 threads)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-pro-16-plus-pb16250-core-ultra-200v",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200V",
   "name": "Dell Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200V",
   "notes": "Dell Owner's Manual (Dell Pro 16 Plus PB16250, Intel Core Ultra 200V Series) lists memory on package, integrated in the processor and not upgradeable: 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X at 8533 MT/s. Processor table lists five options, each with Intel Arc Graphics. Bandwidth left empty: the manual does not print dual-channel or a bus width. The manual does not say which size goes with which processor. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (memory on package)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb16250-laptop/dellpro16plus_pb-16250_om/memory?guid=guid-177b306d-ceda-48df-b374-e02fa0c35e6e&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/dell-pro-pb16250-laptop/dellpro16plus_pb-16250_om/processor?guid=guid-be63aacf-9a53-457f-a284-4b0929302902&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-pro-16-plus-pb16250-core-ultra-200v/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core 5-120U, Intel Core 7-150U or Intel Core 5-1334U",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 5 / 7 U-series",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-14-7440-2-in-1",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Inspiron 14 7440 2-in-1",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 14 7440 2-in-1",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists two SODIMM slots, maximum 16GB, 8GB (1 x 8GB, single-channel) and 16GB (2 x 8GB, dual-channel), DDR5 at 5200 MT/s. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed). Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-2-in-1-laptop/inspiron-14-7440-2in1-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-2-in-1-laptop/inspiron-14-7440-2in1-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-b426df85-6237-4365-b1fc-c3bb6e190257&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-14-7440-2-in-1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 76.8,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-12450H, i5-13420H or i7-13620H",
   "cpu": "12th and 13th Gen Intel Core H-series (45 W)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-12th-13th-gen-core-h",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, 12th/13th Gen Intel Core H-series",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, 12th/13th Gen Intel Core H-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual memory table has three columns by processor family; onboard memory (no slots), dual-channel LPDDR5x. The table's 'maximum memory configuration' line prints 16 in every column and the Core Ultra column prints a minimum of 32, which conflict with the listed configurations; the listed configurations are used here. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Column for computers shipped with 12th Gen Core i5 or 13th Gen Core i5/i7: 16GB (2 x 8GB) at 4800 MT/s. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels assumed from 'dual-channel'; no bus width printed) x 4800 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 76.8GB/s. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        13,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.1,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.5,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-4800 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/memory?guid=guid-9d7fa669-bbce-4a25-8b31-0f16b58ac438&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/processor?guid=guid-643eec14-7a2a-4712-8ee7-a5ecc4613806&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-12th-13th-gen-core-h/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 83.2,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core 5 210H or Intel Core 7 240H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 5 / 7 H-series (45 W)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-core-5-7-h",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, Intel Core 5 / Core 7 H-series",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, Intel Core 5 / Core 7 H-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual memory table has three columns by processor family; onboard memory (no slots), dual-channel LPDDR5x. The table's 'maximum memory configuration' line prints 16 in every column and the Core Ultra column prints a minimum of 32, which conflict with the listed configurations; the listed configurations are used here. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Column for computers shipped with Intel Core 5/7: 16GB (2 x 8GB) at 5200 MT/s. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels assumed from 'dual-channel'; no bus width printed) x 5200 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 83.2GB/s. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-5200 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/memory?guid=guid-9d7fa669-bbce-4a25-8b31-0f16b58ac438&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/processor?guid=guid-643eec14-7a2a-4712-8ee7-a5ecc4613806&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-core-5-7-h/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H, Core Ultra 7 155H or Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (28 W and 45 W)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-core-ultra-h",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, Intel Core Ultra H-series",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 14 Plus 7440, Intel Core Ultra H-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual memory table has three columns by processor family; onboard memory (no slots), dual-channel LPDDR5x. The table's 'maximum memory configuration' line prints 16 in every column and the Core Ultra column prints a minimum of 32, which conflict with the listed configurations; the listed configurations are used here. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Column for computers shipped with Intel Core Ultra 5/7/9: 16GB (2 x 8GB) and 32GB (2 x 16GB) at 6400 MT/s. Max 32GB follows the listed 32GB configuration. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels assumed from 'dual-channel'; no bus width printed) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/memory?guid=guid-9d7fa669-bbce-4a25-8b31-0f16b58ac438&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-14-7440-laptop/insp_14_plus_7440_om/processor?guid=guid-643eec14-7a2a-4712-8ee7-a5ecc4613806&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-14-plus-7440-core-ultra-h/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U or Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U / Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Inspiron 16 7640 2-in-1",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 16 7640 2-in-1",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists onboard memory (no slots): 16GB (2 x 8GB) and 32GB (2 x 16GB) LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, dual-channel. Processor table prints '14th Generation Intel Core Ultra 5 125U' and '14th Generation Intel Core Ultra 7 155H', both with Intel Arc Graphics. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels assumed from 'dual-channel'; no bus width printed) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1-laptop/inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1-laptop/inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-d2665eb7-d594-4e42-9f85-a04f7221818e&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-16-7640-2-in-1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual (Owner's Manual for the RTX 4050/4060 and Intel Graphics configurations) lists two DIMM slots, 16GB (2 x 8GB), 32GB (2 x 16GB) and 64GB (2 x 32GB) DDR5 at 5600 MT/s, all dual-channel. Processor table lists one option, printed as '14th Generation Intel Ultra 7 155H' (written here as Intel Core Ultra 7 155H) with Intel Arc Graphics. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels; the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not a bus width) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s. This is system memory bandwidth shared with the integrated GPU. The manual title also covers RTX 4050 and RTX 4060 configurations; they have their own rows. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (DIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/processor?guid=guid-bf399292-8561-4285-bf64-456a9d3d9fa8&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-rtx-4050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, RTX 4050",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, RTX 4050",
   "notes": "Dell manual (Owner's Manual for the RTX 4050/4060 and Intel Graphics configurations) lists two DIMM slots, 16GB (2 x 8GB), 32GB (2 x 16GB) and 64GB (2 x 32GB) DDR5 at 5600 MT/s, all dual-channel. Processor table lists one option, printed as '14th Generation Intel Ultra 7 155H' (written here as Intel Core Ultra 7 155H) with Intel Arc Graphics. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Dell GPU page lists the RTX 4050 with 6GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty (Dell prints none; consistent with other RTX 40 rows). The manual gives a single memory table for every graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (DIMM)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "d79d8f3",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1725.85,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 43.72
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/processor?guid=guid-bf399292-8561-4285-bf64-456a9d3d9fa8&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-d5b37be7-2d7f-4094-b039-4eec4e45f2b1&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-rtx-4050/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, RTX 4060",
   "name": "Dell Inspiron 16 Plus 7640, RTX 4060",
   "notes": "Dell manual (Owner's Manual for the RTX 4050/4060 and Intel Graphics configurations) lists two DIMM slots, 16GB (2 x 8GB), 32GB (2 x 16GB) and 64GB (2 x 32GB) DDR5 at 5600 MT/s, all dual-channel. Processor table lists one option, printed as '14th Generation Intel Ultra 7 155H' (written here as Intel Core Ultra 7 155H) with Intel Arc Graphics. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Dell GPU page lists the RTX 4060 with 8GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty (Dell prints none; consistent with other RTX 40 rows). The manual gives a single memory table for every graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (DIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/processor?guid=guid-bf399292-8561-4285-bf64-456a9d3d9fa8&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/inspiron-16-7640-laptop/inspiron_16_plus_7640_om_4060_4050/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-d5b37be7-2d7f-4094-b039-4eec4e45f2b1&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-inspiron-16-plus-7640-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i3-1315U, i5-1335U, i5-1345U vPro or i7-1365U vPro",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7 U-series (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (i3) or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (i5 and i7), integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5350-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Latitude 5350, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5350, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "notes": "Dell manual (covers Latitude 5350 and 5350 2-in-1) lists for 13th Gen processors: 8GB LPDDR5, 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X, all 4800 MT/s, dual-channel on-board memory, not upgradeable. Bandwidth left empty: the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5-4800 (8GB) or LPDDR5X-4800 (16GB and 32GB), soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-13-5350-2-in-1-laptop/latitude-5350-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-13-5350-2-in-1-laptop/latitude-5350-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-602aea95-68d8-4625-a5cc-8ad7c1e840e7&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5350-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U vPro or 7 165U vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (12 cores: 2 P, 8 E, 2 low-power E)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5350-core-ultra-u",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Latitude 5350, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5350, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual (covers Latitude 5350 and 5350 2-in-1) lists for Intel Core Ultra 5/7 processors: 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X at 6400 MT/s, dual-channel on-board memory, not upgradeable. Bandwidth left empty: the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-13-5350-2-in-1-laptop/latitude-5350-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-13-5350-2-in-1-laptop/latitude-5350-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-602aea95-68d8-4625-a5cc-8ad7c1e840e7&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5350-core-ultra-u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i3-1315U, i5-1335U, i5-1345U vPro, i7-1355U, i7-1365U vPro, i5-1340P, i5-1350P vPro or i7-1370P vPro (13th Gen); i5-1235U, i5-1245U vPro or i7-1265U vPro (12th Gen)",
   "cpu": "12th and 13th Gen Intel Core U-series (6 to 10 cores) and P-series (12 to 14 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (i3) or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (i5 and i7), integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5440-intel-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5440",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5440",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists two SODIMM slots, 8GB to 64GB, DDR4 at 3200 MT/s and DDR5 at 4800 and 5200 MT/s, each in single-channel and dual-channel configurations. The memory table does not say which memory type or speed goes with which processor. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce MX550 (2GB GDDR6) without pairing it to a processor or memory list; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR4-3200, DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5440-laptop/latitude-5440-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5440-laptop/latitude-5440-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-ad7c8a38-3bb0-4679-9294-ddea65ea6f71&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5440-laptop/latitude-5440-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-4c4dbc78-d958-4370-a96a-02f53b310db2&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5440-intel-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i3-1315U, i5-1335U, i5-1345U vPro, i7-1355U or i7-1365U vPro",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7 U-series (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (i3) or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (i5 and i7), integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5450-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5450, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5450, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists DDR5 at 5200 MT/s for these processors. Bandwidth left empty: the manual lists single-channel and dual-channel configurations and says the i3 graphics use single-channel memory. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5450-laptop/latitude-5450-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual8349694-latitude-5450-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5450-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H, 5 135H vPro or 7 165H vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5450-core-ultra-h-arc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5450, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5450, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual says the Arc graphics on the Core H processors need 128-bit (dual-channel) memory with at least 16GB, so single-module sizes under 16GB are not offered here. Derived: 128 bits (two channels, as the manual states) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5450-laptop/latitude-5450-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual8349694-latitude-5450-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5450-core-ultra-h-arc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U vPro, 7 155U or 7 165U vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (12 cores: 2 P, 8 E, 2 low-power E)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5450-core-ultra-u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5450, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5450, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists DDR5 at 5600 MT/s for the Core Ultra processors. Bandwidth left empty: the manual lists single-channel and dual-channel configurations for these chips. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-5450-laptop/latitude-5450-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual8349694-latitude-5450-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5450-core-ultra-u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-1340P, i5-1350P vPro or i7-1370P vPro",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core i5 / i7 P-series (12 to 14 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5540-13th-gen-core-p",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5540, 13th Gen Intel Core P-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5540, 13th Gen Intel Core P-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists two SODIMM slots, 8GB to 64GB, DDR5 at 4800 and 5200 MT/s in single-channel and dual-channel configurations, and notes that DDR5 memory is only supported on computers with 13th Generation Intel Core P-series processors. The manual does not say which speed goes with which processor. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce MX550 (2GB GDDR6) without pairing it to a processor or memory list; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-7543abbe-ed9b-4e73-b430-661718c98e49&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-4c4dbc78-d958-4370-a96a-02f53b310db2&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5540-13th-gen-core-p/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i3-1315U, i5-1335U, i5-1345U vPro, i7-1355U or i7-1365U vPro",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7 U-series (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (i3) or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (i5 and i7), integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5540-13th-gen-core-u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5540, 13th Gen Intel Core U-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5540, 13th Gen Intel Core U-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists two SODIMM slots, 8GB to 64GB, DDR4 at 3200 MT/s in single-channel and dual-channel configurations, and notes that DDR4 memory is only supported on computers with 13th Generation Intel Core U-series processors. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce MX550 (2GB GDDR6) without pairing it to a processor or memory list; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR4-3200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-7543abbe-ed9b-4e73-b430-661718c98e49&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5540-laptop/latitude-5540-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-4c4dbc78-d958-4370-a96a-02f53b310db2&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5540-13th-gen-core-u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i3-1315U, i5-1335U, i5-1345U vPro, i7-1355U or i7-1365U vPro",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7 U-series (6 to 10 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (i3) or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (i5 and i7), integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5550-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5550, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5550, 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists DDR5 at 5200 MT/s for these processors. Bandwidth left empty: the manual lists single-channel and dual-channel configurations and says the i3 graphics use single-channel memory. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5550-laptop/latitude-5550-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual86060193-latitude-5550-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5550-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H, 5 135H vPro or 7 165H vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5550-core-ultra-h-arc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5550, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5550, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual says the Arc graphics on the Core H processors need 128-bit (dual-channel) memory with at least 16GB, so single-module sizes under 16GB are not offered here. Derived: 128 bits (two channels, as the manual states) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5550-laptop/latitude-5550-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual86060193-latitude-5550-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5550-core-ultra-h-arc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U vPro, 7 155U or 7 165U vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (12 cores: 2 P, 8 E, 2 low-power E)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-5550-core-ultra-u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 5550, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 5550, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists DDR5 at 5600 MT/s for the Core Ultra processors. Bandwidth left empty: the manual lists single-channel and dual-channel configurations for these chips. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory speed and processor generation; sizes are the 1x or 2x SODIMM combinations it lists (two SODIMM slots, up to 64GB). The manual also lists an optional discrete NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 (4GB GDDR6) without saying which memory or processor goes with it; no row was made for it. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (SODIMM)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-15-5550-laptop/latitude-5550-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual86060193-latitude-5550-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-5550-core-ultra-u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-1335U, i5-1345U, i7-1355U, i7-1365U, i5-1340P, i5-1350P or i7-1370P",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core U-series (10 cores) and P-series (12 to 14 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-7440-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Latitude 7440",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 7440",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 8, 16 and 32GB dual-channel LPDDR5 at 4800 MT/s, onboard and not upgradable (no pairing of size to processor). Processor table lists seven 13th Gen options, all with Intel Iris Xe Graphics. Bandwidth left empty: the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5-4800 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-7440-2-in-1-laptop/lati_7440_setupspecs/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-7440-2-in-1-laptop/lati_7440_setupspecs/processor?guid=guid-a2d148e8-c480-43d4-b19b-e65836d19683&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-7440-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U, 5 135H, 7 155U, 7 165U or 7 165H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (12 cores) or H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (H-series) or Intel Graphics (U-series), integrated, shared system memory",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-7450-core-ultra",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 7450",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 7450",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 16, 32 and 64GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, dual-channel, onboard and not upgradable (no pairing of size to processor). Processor table lists six options (Core Ultra 5 135H and 7 165H with Intel Arc Graphics; 5 125U, 5 135U, 7 155U and 7 165U with Intel Graphics). Bandwidth left empty: the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. The PDF link was read from the manual page but not opened. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-7450-2-in-1-laptop/latitude_7450_om/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-7450-2-in-1-laptop/latitude_7450_om/processor?guid=guid-47aeefaf-d593-406a-8fd5-81e59277a514&lang=en-us",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual22274845-latitude-7450-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-7450-core-ultra/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P-64-100 or Snapdragon X Elite X1E-80-100",
   "cpu": "X1P-64-100 (10 cores) or X1E-80-100 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-7455-snapdragon",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Latitude 7455",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 7455",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5x at 8448 MT/s, soldered, and two processor options; it does not pair them, but both chips have the same Qualcomm bandwidth. Bandwidth is Qualcomm product-brief figure for X Plus and X Elite.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-8448 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-7455-laptop/latitude-7455-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-bm/latitude-14-7455-laptop/latitude-7455-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-969351f7-4d26-48a2-9a04-e766e460c3ab&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-Product-Brief.pdf",
    "https://docs.qualcomm.com/doc/87-71417-1/87-71417-1_REV_F_Snapdragon_X_Elite_Product_Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-7455-snapdragon/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H vPro or Core Ultra 7 165H vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-7650-core-ultra-h-arc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 7650, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 7650, Intel Core Ultra H-series with Arc graphics",
   "notes": "Processor table (28 W options): Core Ultra 5 135H (vPro) and Core Ultra 7 165H (vPro), both with Intel Arc Graphics. Dell manual lists memory on board and not upgradeable: 16GB, 32GB and 64GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, dual-channel. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels; the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not a bus width) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s. This is system memory bandwidth shared with the integrated GPU. The GPU—Integrated page was not opened; the graphics name comes from the processor table. The manual lists no discrete GPU. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/processor?guid=guid-47aeefaf-d593-406a-8fd5-81e59277a514&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/gpuintegrated?guid=guid-f44a95ca-461c-4a48-bac6-047465e93b77&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-7650-core-ultra-h-arc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U vPro, 7 155U or 7 165U vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-7650-core-ultra-u",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 7650, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 7650, Intel Core Ultra U-series",
   "notes": "Processor table (15 W options): Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U (vPro), 7 155U and 7 165U (vPro), each with Intel Graphics (the table prints 'Intel Graphics', not Arc). Dell manual lists memory on board and not upgradeable: 16GB, 32GB and 64GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, dual-channel. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels; the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not a bus width) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s. This is system memory bandwidth shared with the integrated GPU. The GPU—Integrated page was not opened; the graphics name comes from the processor table. The manual lists no discrete GPU. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/processor?guid=guid-47aeefaf-d593-406a-8fd5-81e59277a514&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-16-7650-laptop/latitude_7650_om/gpuintegrated?guid=guid-f44a95ca-461c-4a48-bac6-047465e93b77&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-7650-core-ultra-u/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U, 5 135U or 7 165U",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra U-series (10 cores: 2 P, 8 E)",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-latitude-9450-2-in-1",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Latitude 9450 2-in-1",
   "name": "Dell Latitude 9450 2-in-1",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 16, 32 and 64GB LPDDR5x at 7467 MT/s, dual-channel, integrated and not upgradable. Processor table lists three options with Intel Graphics (the manual's processor table prints 10 cores for each). Bandwidth left empty: the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-7467 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-9450-2-in-1-laptop/lati_9450_2in1_om/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/latitude-14-9450-2-in-1-laptop/lati_9450_2in1_om/processor?guid=guid-fe761cbc-e10f-4eed-9cc2-1471e0a6b547&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-latitude-9450-2-in-1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H vPro, 7 155H vPro Essentials, 7 165H vPro or 9 185H vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-precision-5490-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Precision 5490, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Precision 5490, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists memory integrated on the system board: 16GB, 32GB and 64GB LPDDR5x at 7467 MT/s, dual-channel (onboard). The processor table lists four options, each with Intel Arc Graphics as integrated graphics. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels; the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not a bus width) x 7467 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 119.5GB/s (rounded). This is system memory bandwidth shared with the integrated GPU. The manual also lists discrete NVIDIA RTX 1000 Ada (6GB GDDR6), RTX 2000 Ada (8GB GDDR6) and RTX 3000 Ada (8GB GDDR6) Laptop GPUs without pairing them to a processor or a memory size; no rows were made for them. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-7467 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-14-5490-laptop/pre-5490_owners_manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-14-5490-laptop/pre-5490_owners_manual/processor?guid=guid-8f9ccf13-6058-450a-ab47-ab607f32696b&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-14-5490-laptop/pre-5490_owners_manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-e2fe761c-386b-4115-8b4e-034eb55fbd37&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-precision-5490-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-13600H vPro Enterprise, i7-13700H vPro Essential, i7-13800H vPro Enterprise or i9-13900H vPro Enterprise",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core H-series (12 to 14 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-precision-5680-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Precision 5680, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Precision 5680, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists memory integrated on the system board, not replaceable or upgradeable, dual-channel LPDDR5: 16GB at 6400 MT/s, 32GB at 6000 MT/s, 64GB at 6000 MT/s. The processor table lists four 13th Generation options (i5-13600H vPro Enterprise, i7-13700H vPro Essential, i7-13800H vPro Enterprise, i9-13900H vPro Enterprise), each with Intel Iris Xe Graphics as integrated graphics. Operating system page: Windows 11 Home, Pro, Pro for Workstation, Pro for Education and Enterprise (64-bit), and Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (64-bit). Bandwidth left empty: the speed differs by memory size (6400 and 6000 MT/s) and the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not the bus width. The manual also lists discrete NVIDIA RTX A1000 6GB, RTX 2000 Ada 8GB, RTX 3500 Ada 12GB, RTX 4000 Ada 12GB, RTX 5000 Ada 16GB and GeForce RTX 4090 16GB Laptop GPUs (memory type not printed) without pairing them to a processor or a memory size; no rows were made for them. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or Ubuntu 22.04 LTS",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5680-laptop/precision-5680-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5680-laptop/precision-5680-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-8f9ccf13-6058-450a-ab47-ab607f32696b&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5680-laptop/precision-5680-owners-manual/operating-system?guid=guid-7b81d002-0a69-4d28-9c38-bbcdf7051010&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5680-laptop/precision-5680-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-a440b13a-85ea-4ed1-952a-4bd1da873098&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-precision-5680-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H vPro, 7 155H vPro Essentials, 7 165H vPro or 9 185H vPro",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra H-series (14 to 16 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-precision-5690-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Precision 5690, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Precision 5690, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists memory integrated on the system board and not replaceable or upgradeable: 16GB, 32GB and 64GB dual-channel LPDDR5x at 7467 MT/s. The processor table lists four options, each with Intel Arc Graphics as integrated graphics. Derived (peak, memory only): 128 bits (two 64-bit channels; the manual prints 'dual-channel' but not a bus width) x 7467 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 119.5GB/s (rounded). This is system memory bandwidth shared with the integrated GPU. The manual also lists discrete NVIDIA RTX 1000 Ada (6GB), RTX 2000 Ada (8GB), RTX 3500 Ada (12GB), RTX 4000 Ada (12GB) and RTX 5000 Ada (16GB) Laptop GPUs (memory type not printed) without pairing them to a processor or a memory size; no rows were made for them. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-7467 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5690-laptop/precision-5690_owners_manual/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5690-laptop/precision-5690_owners_manual/processor?guid=guid-8f9ccf13-6058-450a-ab47-ab607f32696b&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-5690-laptop/precision-5690_owners_manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-714f4937-7f10-491b-a86f-837555d4bc07&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-precision-5690-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-13600HX, i7-13850HX or i9-13950HX (13th Gen)",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core HX-series (14 to 24 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-precision-7680-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Precision 7680, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Precision 7680, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell Setup and Specifications lists DDR5 as a CAMM module (16GB at 4800 MHz; 32GB and 64GB at 4800 MHz for i5 and 5600 / 5200 MHz for i7/i9; 128GB rated 4800 MHz but operating at 3600 MHz because of processor limits, up to 128GB) or SODIMM (8GB to 64GB; 5600 / 5200 MHz for i7/i9, 4800 MHz for i5), non-ECC, with ECC SODIMM options of 16GB, 32GB and 64GB. Dell prints speeds in MHz. SODIMM 32GB and 64GB are dual-channel; the CAMM entries and single SODIMM entries are not marked dual-channel. Bandwidth left empty (single- and dual-channel both listed, several speeds). The processor table lists three 13th Gen HX options, each with Intel UHD Graphics as integrated graphics. The manual also lists discrete NVIDIA RTX A1000 (6GB GDDR6), RTX 1000 Ada (6GB), RTX 2000 Ada (8GB), RTX 3500 Ada (12GB), RTX 4000 Ada (12GB) and RTX 5000 Ada (16GB) laptop GPUs, all GDDR6, without pairing them to a processor or memory; no rows were made for them. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 124
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (CAMM module or SODIMM), 3600 to 5600 MHz as printed",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-7680-laptop/precision_7680_ss/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-7680-laptop/precision_7680_ss/processor?guid=guid-b426df85-6237-4365-b1fc-c3bb6e190257&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-16-7680-laptop/precision_7680_ss/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-f0abbf5f-f4d0-4026-90f5-ca2636cb5fb2&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-precision-7680-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-13600HX, i7-13850HX or i9-13950HX",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core HX-series (14 to 24 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-precision-7780-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Precision 7780, integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell Precision 7780, integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists DDR5 on a CAMM module (16GB to 128GB) or SODIMM (8GB to 64GB), non-ECC and ECC. Speeds are printed in MHz: 4800 for i5 processors, 5200 or 5600 for i7/i9 (3600 for the 128GB CAMM). Maximum 128GB (CAMM) or 64GB (SODIMM). The SODIMM interface board is an optional item per the manual. Single- and dual-channel configurations both appear, so bandwidth is left empty. The processor table lists three 13th Generation options, each with Intel UHD Graphics as integrated graphics. Operating system page: Windows 11 Pro (with DGR), Windows 11 Pro National Education, Windows 11 Home, Windows 10 Home, Pro, Enterprise, Pro Education and Pro China (factory-installed downgrade under a Windows 11 Professional licence), RedHat Enterprise Linux 9.2, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. The manual also has a discrete GPU page listing seven NVIDIA laptop GPUs (6GB to 16GB GDDR6) without pairing them to a processor or a memory size; no rows were made for them. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 124
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 or Ubuntu 22.04 LTS",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (CAMM module or SODIMM, ECC and non-ECC)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-17-7780-laptop/precision_7780_ss/memory?guid=guid-e9d2ea83-38a4-431d-803c-96d63c1dbc34&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-17-7780-laptop/precision_7780_ss/processor?guid=guid-b426df85-6237-4365-b1fc-c3bb6e190257&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/precision-17-7780-laptop/precision_7780_ss/operating-system?guid=guid-7b81d002-0a69-4d28-9c38-bbcdf7051010&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-precision-7780-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Elite X1E-80-100",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Elite X1E-80-100 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-13-9345",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "XPS 13 (9345)",
   "name": "Dell XPS 13 (9345)",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Elite family (X1E-80-100 is listed in its brief).",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X up to 8448 MT/s",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-laptops/xps-13-laptop/spd/xps-13-9345-laptop",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Product-Brief-Snapdragon-X-Elite.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-13-9345/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 226V or Intel Core Ultra 7 256V",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 226V / 7 256V (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics 130V or 140V (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-13-9350-core-ultra-5-226v-7-256v",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "XPS 13 (9350), 16GB",
   "name": "Dell XPS 13 (9350), 16GB",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 16GB LPDDR5x at 8533 MT/s with the Core Ultra 5 226V and Core Ultra 7 256V, soldered into the processor package. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory size to processor. Derived: 128 bits (the manual prints 'DRAM bus width 128-bit') x 8533 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak. The manual lists Arc Graphics 130V and 140V without saying which processor gets which. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9350-laptop/xps-13-9350-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual12798330-xps-13-9350-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-13-9350-core-ultra-5-226v-7-256v/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V, Intel Core Ultra 7 268V or Intel Core Ultra 9 288V",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 258V / 7 268V / 9 288V (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics 130V or 140V (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-13-9350-core-ultra-7-258v-268v-9-288v",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "XPS 13 (9350), 32GB",
   "name": "Dell XPS 13 (9350), 32GB",
   "notes": "Dell manual lists 32GB LPDDR5x at 8533 MT/s with the Core Ultra 7 258V, 7 268V and 9 288V, soldered into the processor package. Dell manual (public PDF linked from the support manual page) prints the pairing of memory size to processor. Derived: 128 bits (the manual prints 'DRAM bus width 128-bit') x 8533 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak. The manual lists Arc Graphics 130V and 140V without saying which processor gets which. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9350-laptop/xps-13-9350-owners-manual",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual12798330-xps-13-9350-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-13-9350-core-ultra-7-258v-268v-9-288v/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-1240P, i7-1260P, i5-1250P vPro, i7-1270P vPro or i7-1280P vPro",
   "cpu": "12th Gen Intel Core P-series (12 to 14 cores, 28 W)",
   "gpu": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-13-plus-9320-12th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "XPS 13 Plus (9320), 12th Gen Intel Core",
   "name": "Dell XPS 13 Plus (9320), 12th Gen Intel Core",
   "notes": "Dell manual: no memory slots, memory integrated on the system board and not upgradeable; for 12th Gen Core i5/i7 computers 8GB, 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5 at 5200 MHz (as printed; the unit is MHz in the manual), dual-channel. Bandwidth left empty because the manual prints MHz rather than MT/s and no bus width. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5-5200 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9320-laptop/xps-13-9320-setup-and-specifications/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9320-laptop/xps-13-9320-setup-and-specifications/processor?guid=guid-ebf31c79-d79b-4a6e-8276-2a2a54598a17&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-13-plus-9320-12th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-1340P, i7-1360P or i7-1370P",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Intel Core P-series (12 to 14 cores, 28 W)",
   "gpu": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics, integrated",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-13-plus-9320-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "XPS 13 Plus (9320), 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "name": "Dell XPS 13 Plus (9320), 13th Gen Intel Core",
   "notes": "Dell manual: no memory slots, memory integrated on the system board and not upgradeable; for 13th Gen Core i5/i7 computers 8GB, 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5 at 6000 MHz (as printed; the unit is MHz in the manual), dual-channel. Bandwidth left empty because the manual prints MHz rather than MT/s and no bus width. Category is a generic choice (the manual gives none). Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5-6000 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9320-laptop/xps-13-9320-setup-and-specifications/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-13-9320-laptop/xps-13-9320-setup-and-specifications/processor?guid=guid-ebf31c79-d79b-4a6e-8276-2a2a54598a17&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-13-plus-9320-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-14-9440-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "XPS 14 (9440), integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell XPS 14 (9440), integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Derived: 128 bits (two channels, as recorded for this Intel chip in our chip list) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s peak; the Dell page itself does not print the channel count. Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with integrated graphics have 16GB or 32GB LPDDR5X at 6400 MT/s, soldered.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/gpuintegrated?guid=guid-e0431804-e795-4215-9cd1-1dfb991daa1d&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-d2665eb7-d594-4e42-9f85-a04f7221818e&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/236847/intel-core-ultra-7-processor-155h-24m-cache-up-to-4-80-ghz/specifications.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-14-9440-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-xps-14-9440-rtx-4050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "XPS 14 (9440), RTX 4050",
   "name": "Dell XPS 14 (9440), RTX 4050",
   "notes": "Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with discrete graphics have 16, 32 or 64GB LPDDR5X at 7467 MT/s, soldered. The GPU page lists the RTX 4050 with 6GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (soldered)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "d79d8f3",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1725.85,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 43.72
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-05867936-5f4f-49a0-aba0-bdb592fd6959&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-4c4dbc78-d958-4370-a96a-02f53b310db2&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-14-9440-laptop/xps-14-9440-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-d2665eb7-d594-4e42-9f85-a04f7221818e&lang=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-14-9440-rtx-4050/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H, Intel Core Ultra 7 165H or Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H / 7 165H / 9 185H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated, shared system memory)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "dell-xps-16-9640-integrated-graphics",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "XPS 16 (9640), integrated graphics",
   "name": "Dell XPS 16 (9640), integrated graphics",
   "notes": "Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with Intel Arc graphics have 16GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, onboard. Derived: 128 bits (the manual prints 'Requires 128-bit (Two-channel) memory') x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s peak. The manual does not say which processor goes with which graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-7c0440d2-e652-4261-b5e7-a7247a8ea827&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-8bce023a-272f-4d9d-aa0a-c3f3a9686d5d&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/gpuintegrated?guid=guid-e0431804-e795-4215-9cd1-1dfb991daa1d&lang=en-us",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual84320372-xps-16-9640-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-16-9640-integrated-graphics/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H, Intel Core Ultra 7 165H or Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H / 7 165H / 9 185H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4050",
   "name": "Dell XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4050",
   "notes": "Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 or RTX 4060 have 16, 32 or 64GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, onboard. The discrete GPU page lists the RTX 4050 with 6GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU. The manual does not say which processor goes with which graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 (soldered)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "d79d8f3",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1725.85,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 43.72
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-7c0440d2-e652-4261-b5e7-a7247a8ea827&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-8bce023a-272f-4d9d-aa0a-c3f3a9686d5d&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-e2fe761c-386b-4115-8b4e-034eb55fbd37&lang=en-us",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual84320372-xps-16-9640-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4050/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H, Intel Core Ultra 7 165H or Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H / 7 165H / 9 185H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4060",
   "name": "Dell XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4060",
   "notes": "Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 or RTX 4060 have 16, 32 or 64GB LPDDR5x at 6400 MT/s, onboard. The discrete GPU page lists the RTX 4060 with 8GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU. The manual does not say which processor goes with which graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-7c0440d2-e652-4261-b5e7-a7247a8ea827&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-8bce023a-272f-4d9d-aa0a-c3f3a9686d5d&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-e2fe761c-386b-4115-8b4e-034eb55fbd37&lang=en-us",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual84320372-xps-16-9640-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Dell",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H, Intel Core Ultra 7 165H or Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H / 7 165H / 9 185H (16 cores: 6 P, 8 E, plus low-power cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4070",
   "name": "Dell XPS 16 (9640), RTX 4070",
   "notes": "Dell manual prints the pairing: computers with the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 have 32 or 64GB LPDDR5x at 7467 MT/s, onboard (32GB is the minimum). The discrete GPU page lists the RTX 4070 with 8GB GDDR6. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU. The manual does not say which processor goes with which graphics option. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/memory?guid=guid-7c0440d2-e652-4261-b5e7-a7247a8ea827&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/processor?guid=guid-8bce023a-272f-4d9d-aa0a-c3f3a9686d5d&lang=en-us",
    "https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-us/xps-16-9640-laptop/xps-16-9640-owners-manual/gpudiscrete?guid=guid-e2fe761c-386b-4115-8b4e-034eb55fbd37&lang=en-us",
    "https://dl.dell.com/content/manual84320372-xps-16-9640-owner-s-manual.pdf?language=en-us"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/dell-xps-16-9640-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H, Ultra 7 155H or Ultra 7 165H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125H, 7 155H, 7 165H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "framework-laptop-13-diy-intel-core-ultra-series-1",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Framework Laptop 13 DIY Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 1)",
   "name": "Framework Framework Laptop 13 DIY Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 1)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states DDR5-5600 in two SO-DIMM slots but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Peak figure with two modules fitted. Framework prints DDR5-5600 up to 96GB (or bring your own) and prebuilt options of 8GB, 16GB and 32GB.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "None (DIY edition, bring your own)",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop13?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-13-diy-intel-core-ultra-series-1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core 3 304, Core 5 320 or Core 7 350",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 3 304, Core 5 320 or Core 7 350",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "framework-laptop-12-diy-intel-core-series-3-2026",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Laptop 12 DIY Edition (Intel Core Series 3)",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 12 DIY Edition (Intel Core Series 3)",
   "notes": "Framework lists one SO-DIMM slot up to 64GB DDR5-6400 and an order option of up to 48GB DDR5-5600, or bring your own. Bandwidth left empty: the page does not state the bus width, and one SO-DIMM is not the dual-channel case used in other Derived rows.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-6400 SO-DIMM (one slot)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop12?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-12-diy-intel-core-series-3-2026/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 5 340 (6 cores), AI 7 350 (8 cores) or AI 9 HX 370 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 840M, 860M or 890M (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "framework-laptop-13-amd-ryzen-ai-300-2025",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Laptop 13 DIY Edition (AMD Ryzen AI 300 Series)",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 13 DIY Edition (AMD Ryzen AI 300 Series)",
   "notes": "Derived peak: 128 bits (two 64-bit channels, per AMD) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Framework states DDR5-5600 and \"up to 96GB\" but not GB/s; the page lists no smaller sizes because the memory is bring-your-own or chosen at order.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 92
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or none (DIY)",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (user-fitted)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop13?tab=specs",
    "https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/laptop/ryzen/ai-300-series/amd-ryzen-ai-9-hx-370.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-13-amd-ryzen-ai-300-2025/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra X7 358H or Core Ultra X9 388H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra X7 358H or X9 388H (16 threads)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc B390 (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "framework-laptop-13-pro-core-ultra-series-3-2026",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Laptop 13 Pro DIY Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 3)",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 13 Pro DIY Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 3)",
   "notes": "Derived peak: 128 bits (two 64-bit channels, per Intel) x 7467 MT/s / 8 = 119.5GB/s, using the 7467 MT/s Framework states for these two chips. The page also lists a Core Ultra 5 325 at up to 6800 MT/s (about 108.8GB/s by the same arithmetic); that variant has no row here.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or none (DIY)",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X (LPCAMM2)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop13pro?tab=specs",
    "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/245527/intel-core-ultra-x7-processor-358h-18m-cache-up-to-4-80-ghz/specifications.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-13-pro-core-ultra-series-3-2026/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 288,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 5 340, AI 7 350 or AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon RX 7700S (2nd Gen)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "framework-laptop-16-2025-radeon-rx-7700s",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with Radeon RX 7700S",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with Radeon RX 7700S",
   "notes": "Framework states 8GB of 18Gbps GDDR6 but no GB/s; 288GB/s is AMD's own \"up to\" figure for the RX 7700S (128-bit bus). Memory is two SO-DIMM sockets with \"up to 96GB\".",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        40,
        75
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        23,
        43
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.4,
        0.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        5.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or none (DIY)",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs",
    "https://www.amd.com/en/support/downloads/drivers.html/graphics/radeon-rx/radeon-rx-7000-series/amd-radeon-rx-7700s.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-16-2025-radeon-rx-7700s/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 5 340, AI 7 350 or AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (12GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "framework-laptop-16-2025-rtx-5070-12gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with RTX 5070 12GB",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with RTX 5070 12GB",
   "notes": "Framework states 12GB GDDR7, 128-bit bus and 384GB/s for this graphics module. Memory is two SO-DIMM sockets with \"up to 96GB\"; smaller sizes are not itemised.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        27,
        51
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        26,
        48
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or none (DIY)",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-16-2025-rtx-5070-12gb/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Framework",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340, Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 5 340, AI 7 350 or AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "framework-laptop-16-2025-rtx-5070-8gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with RTX 5070 8GB",
   "name": "Framework Laptop 16 DIY Edition (2025) with RTX 5070 8GB",
   "notes": "Framework states 8GB GDDR7, 128-bit bus and 384GB/s for this graphics module. Memory is two SO-DIMM sockets with \"up to 96GB\"; smaller sizes are not itemised. Ryzen AI 5 340 is listed as a processor option; the page lists no integrated-graphics row for it.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 or none (DIY)",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/framework-laptop-16-2025-rtx-5070-8gb/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i7-13700H or i7-13620H",
   "cpu": "13th Gen Core i7-13700H (14 cores) or i7-13620H (10 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aero-14-oled-2023-rtx-4050",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "AERO 14 OLED (2023)",
   "name": "Gigabyte AERO 14 OLED (2023)",
   "notes": "Gigabyte lists 16GB LPDDR5, total system memory not upgradeable, and the RTX 4050 with 6GB GDDR6 at 45W. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Pro",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5 (soldered)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "d79d8f3",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 1725.85,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 43.72
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/Laptop/AERO-14-OLED--2023/sp"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-aero-14-oled-2023-rtx-4050/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": 2023
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "Gigabyte AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "Gigabyte prints up to 64GB DDR5 5600MHz with 2 SO-DIMM sockets and 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (2 sockets)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/us/Laptop/GIGABYTE-AERO-X16-EG61H/sp",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "Gigabyte AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Gigabyte prints up to 64GB DDR5 5600MHz with 2 SO-DIMM sockets and 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (2 sockets)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/us/Laptop/GIGABYTE-AERO-X16-EG61H/sp",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 350 (8 cores) or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "Gigabyte AERO X16 (EG61H, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Gigabyte prints up to 64GB DDR5 5600MHz with 2 SO-DIMM sockets and 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM (2 sockets)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/us/Laptop/GIGABYTE-AERO-X16-EG61H/sp",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-aero-x16-eg61h-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-14900HX or i7-14650HX",
   "cpu": "Core i9-14900HX (24 cores) or i7-14650HX (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aorus-16x-2024-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "AORUS 16X (2024)",
   "name": "Gigabyte AORUS 16X (2024)",
   "notes": "Gigabyte lists two DDR5-5600 slots, up to 64GB; 64 is a stated maximum, not an itemised configuration. RTX 4070 with 8GB GDDR6 at 140W. GPU bandwidth left empty because the makers do not publish it for this GPU.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/Laptop/AORUS-16X--2024/sp"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-aorus-16x-2024-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "Gigabyte",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "gigabyte-aorus-master-16-am6h-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "AORUS MASTER 16 AM6H",
   "name": "Gigabyte AORUS MASTER 16 AM6H",
   "notes": "Gigabyte lists \"up to 64GB DDR5 5600MHz\" in two SO-DIMM sockets; smaller sizes are not itemised. The page lists RTX 5090, 5080 and 5070 Ti across its model codes. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gigabyte.com/Laptop/GIGABYTE-GAMING-A16-GA63H/sp",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/gigabyte-gaming-a16-ga63h-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 255H, 7 PRO 250, 7 250, 5 PRO 230, 5 230, 5 PRO 215, 5 220 or Ryzen 3 210",
   "cpu": "Ryzen 7 (8 cores), Ryzen 5 (6 cores) or Ryzen 3 (4 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 780M, 760M or 740M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-6-g1a-14-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 6 G1a 14 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 6 G1a 14 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted. QuickSpecs lists 8, 12, 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600. The sheet also covers a 6 G1ah variant.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 12,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09111177.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-6-g1a-14-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 PRO 350, AI 7 350, AI 5 PRO 340 or AI 5 340",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 7 350/PRO 350 (8 cores), AI 5 340/PRO 340 (6 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 860M or 840M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-6-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 6 G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 6 G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted. QuickSpecs lists 12, 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 12,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09111178.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-6-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 255H, 7 PRO 250, 7 250, 5 PRO 230, 5 230, 5 PRO 215, 5 220 or Ryzen 3 210",
   "cpu": "Ryzen 7 (8 cores), Ryzen 5 (6 cores) or Ryzen 3 (4 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 780M, 760M or 740M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-6-g1a-16-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 6 G1a 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 6 G1a 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted. QuickSpecs lists 8, 12, 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600. The sheet also covers a 6 G1ah variant.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 12,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09111179.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-6-g1a-16-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 250/249, Ryzen 7 250/249 or Ryzen 5 PRO 224/230, Ryzen 5 224/230",
   "cpu": "Ryzen 7 (8 cores) or Ryzen 5 (6 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1a-14-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1a 14 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1a 14 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted; the page marks dual channel as optional. QuickSpecs lists 8, 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600. This sheet names the graphics only as AMD Radeon Graphics.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09120198.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1a-14-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 PRO 350, AI 7 350, AI 5 PRO 340 or AI 5 340",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 7 350/PRO 350 (8 cores), AI 5 340/PRO 340 (6 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 860M or 840M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted; the page marks dual channel as optional. QuickSpecs lists 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09120199.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 250/249, Ryzen 7 250/249 or Ryzen 5 PRO 224/230, Ryzen 5 224/230",
   "cpu": "Ryzen 7 (8 cores) or Ryzen 5 (6 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 780M or 760M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1a-16-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1a 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1a 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 89.6GB/s peak. Needs two modules fitted; the page marks dual channel as optional. QuickSpecs lists 8, 16, 24, 32 and 64GB DDR5-5600. Radeon 780M goes with the Ryzen 7 parts and 760M with the Ryzen 5 parts.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09120200.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1a-16-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 200V series",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1i-14",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1i 14",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1i 14",
   "notes": "The datasheet gives 32GB as the maximum memory; smaller options are not itemised. Intel does not publish a bandwidth figure on its product pages, so it is left empty. Derived peak: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533 but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09132009"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1i-14/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 265H/255H/265U/255U or Core Ultra 5 235H/225H/235U/225U (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 (16 cores on H, 12 on U) or Core Ultra 5 (14 cores on H, 12 on U)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 140T (H models) or Intel Graphics (U models) (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1i-16-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1i 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1i 16 inch Notebook AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 6400 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s peak. With DDR5-5600 modules the peak is 89.6GB/s. Dual channel is marked optional (two modules needed). This is the H/U model; the Next Gen (V series) 16 inch is a separate row. QuickSpecs says the system runs at 6400 MT/s and lists 16GB and 32GB DDR5-6400 modules next to the 5600 ones.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 modules also listed)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09097612.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1i-16-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series: 226V, 228V, 236V, 238V, 256V, 258V, 266V, 268V)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-8-g1i-16-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "EliteBook 8 G1i 16 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook 8 G1i 16 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X-8533, no memory slots, dual channel. Derived: 128 bits x 8533 / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak. The separate 16 inch \"AI PC\" version uses SODIMM memory and is not covered here.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (on board)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09097613"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-8-g1i-16-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series: 226V, 228V, 236V, 238V, 256V, 258V, 266V, 268V)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-ultra-g1i-14-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "EliteBook Ultra G1i 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook Ultra G1i 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X-8533 on package, dual channel, not upgradeable. Derived: 128 bits x 8533 / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (on package)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09059224"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-ultra-g1i-14-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 128,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 340, AI 5 PRO 340, AI 7 PRO 360 or AI 9 HX PRO 375",
   "cpu": "Ryzen AI 5 340/PRO 340 (6 cores), AI 7 PRO 360 (8 cores), AI 9 HX PRO 375 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 840M, 880M or 890M (integrated, by processor)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-x-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "EliteBook X G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook X G1a 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8000 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 128GB/s peak. QuickSpecs lists 16, 32 and 64GB soldered LPDDR5X-8533, no slots, and says the system runs at 8000 MT/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        42
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        42
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.5,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.6,
        4.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        42
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.5,
        10
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.9,
        9.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.8,
        8.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.6,
        4.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (soldered; system runs at 8000 MT/s)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09064416.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-x-g1a-14-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series: 226V, 228V, 236V, 238V, 256V, 258V, 266V, 268V)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-elitebook-x-g1i-14-next-gen-ai-pc",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "EliteBook X G1i 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "name": "HP EliteBook X G1i 14 inch Notebook Next Gen AI PC",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5X-8533 on package, dual channel, not upgradeable. Derived: 128 bits x 8533 / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (on package)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09080730"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-elitebook-x-g1i-14-next-gen-ai-pc/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 450",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 7 450",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-hyperx-omen-16-ap1000ca-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "HyperX OMEN 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ap1000ca",
   "name": "HP HyperX OMEN 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ap1000ca",
   "notes": "HP Canada datasheet (French) for this one part number: 32GB DDR5-5600 and RTX 5060 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Slot count and max memory not stated.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www8.hp.com/h20195/V2/GetPDF.aspx/4aa8-5577fcca",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-hyperx-omen-16-ap1000ca-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Up to Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-hyperx-omen-max-16-intel-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "HyperX OMEN MAX 16 (Intel)",
   "name": "HP HyperX OMEN MAX 16 (Intel)",
   "notes": "HP lists \"up to\" values only (up to RTX 5090, up to 64GB as 2 x 32 GB); lower options are not itemised. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
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     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
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    {
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     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
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     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hp.com/us-en/gaming-pc/laptops/2026-hyperx-omen-max16-intel.html",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
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   "year": null
  },
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   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "OMEN 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ap0020ca",
   "name": "HP OMEN 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ap0020ca",
   "notes": "HP Canada datasheet for this one part number: 32GB (2 x 16GB), RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth is the 8GB RTX 5070 figure from our chip list. Max memory not stated.",
   "options": [
    {
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       "speed": [
        67,
        125
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       "speed": [
        54,
        100
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        41,
        76
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       "speed": [
        31,
        57
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       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
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       "band": "Slow",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        4.2
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       "thinking": "yes"
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        4.1
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        4
       ],
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      {
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       "band": "Moderate",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        5,
        9.3
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
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    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
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   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-16-ap0020ca-rtx-5070/",
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   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "OMEN 17.3 inch Gaming Laptop PC 17-db1020ca",
   "name": "HP OMEN 17.3 inch Gaming Laptop PC 17-db1020ca",
   "notes": "HP Canada datasheet for this one part number: 32GB (2 x 16GB), RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth is the 8GB RTX 5070 figure from our chip list. Max memory not stated.",
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    {
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       "speed": [
        67,
        125
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      },
      {
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       "fit": "Fits",
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        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        41,
        76
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      {
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        31,
        57
       ]
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       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        7.2
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       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
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     ],
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   ],
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   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www8.hp.com/h20195/V2/GetPDF.aspx/4aa8-4926enca",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-17-db1020ca-rtx-5070/",
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   "year": null
  },
  {
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   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
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   "gpu_type": "discrete",
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   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "OMEN Gaming Laptop 16-ap0047nr",
   "name": "HP OMEN Gaming Laptop 16-ap0047nr",
   "notes": "HP datasheet for this one part number: 16GB (2 x 8GB) and RTX 5060 8GB. The sheet prints the GPU memory as GDDR6, while NVIDIA lists GDDR7 for the RTX 5060; VRAM is 8GB either way. GPU bandwidth is NVIDIA figure from our chip list. Max memory not stated. The maker page prints GDDR6 for this graphics chip while NVIDIA's own page lists GDDR7 for it; the figures disagree, so bandwidth is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
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      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 8GB, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
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    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-16-ap0047nr-rtx-5060/",
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   "year": null
  },
  {
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   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
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   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-omen-17-db1097nr-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "OMEN Gaming Laptop 17-db1097nr",
   "name": "HP OMEN Gaming Laptop 17-db1097nr",
   "notes": "HP datasheet for this one part number: 32GB (2 x 16GB), RTX 5070 with 8GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth is the 8GB RTX 5070 figure from our chip list (Framework states 384GB/s). Max memory not stated.",
   "options": [
    {
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     "rows": [
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       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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       "speed": [
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        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
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        76
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
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        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09198869.pdf",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-17-db1097nr-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 375",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 375 (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-omen-max-16-amd-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "OMEN MAX 16 (AMD)",
   "name": "HP OMEN MAX 16 (AMD)",
   "notes": "HP lists \"up to 32GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 32 GB)\", which does not add up (the page itself is inconsistent), so only the stated 32GB maximum is entered. Up to RTX 5080; lower options are not itemised. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hp.com/us-en/gaming-pc/laptops/2025-omen-max16-amd-nvidia.html",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-max-16-amd-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Up to Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-omen-max-16-intel-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "OMEN MAX 16 (Intel)",
   "name": "HP OMEN MAX 16 (Intel)",
   "notes": "HP lists \"up to\" values only (up to RTX 5090, up to 64GB as 2 x 32GB); lower graphics and memory options are not itemised. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 slots)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hp.com/us-en/gaming-pc/laptops/2025-omen-max16-intel.html",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-max-16-intel-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX (24 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-omen-max-16-ah0060ca-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "OMEN MAX 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ah0060ca",
   "name": "HP OMEN MAX 16 inch Gaming Laptop PC 16-ah0060ca",
   "notes": "HP Canada datasheet for this one part number: 64GB (2 x 32GB), RTX 5090 with 24GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Max memory not stated.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 32GB, 2 slots)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www8.hp.com/h20195/V2/GetPDF.aspx/4aa8-4743enca",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-omen-max-16-ah0060ca-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 83.2,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H, Core 5 210H, Core 7 150U, Core 5 220U/120U, Core 3 100U or Core i5-1334U",
   "cpu": "Mixed generations: Core i5-1334U (10 cores), Core 7 240H (10 cores), Core 5 210H (8 cores), U-series 6 to 10 cores",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-probook-4-g1ir-14",
   "max_ram_gb": 48,
   "model": "ProBook 4 G1iR 14 inch Notebook PC",
   "name": "HP ProBook 4 G1iR 14 inch Notebook PC",
   "notes": "Derived: HP prints dual channel memory but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5200 MT/s / 8 / 1000 = 83.2GB/s peak. Peak with two modules fitted; the 240H model reaches 89.6GB/s. QuickSpecs lists 8, 12, 16, 24, 32 and 48GB DDR5-5600 and says the system runs at 5200 MT/s (the 240H runs 5600).",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 12,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.6,
        6.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        5.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.8
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.2,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.6,
        6.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        5.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.8
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.2,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.5,
        2.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        15,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        6.6,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        5.6,
        10
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.6,
        6.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        5.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.8
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.2,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.5,
        2.7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 44
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09119775.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-probook-4-g1ir-14/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H, Core 5 210H, Core 7 150U, Core 5 220U/120U, Core 3 100U or Core i5-1334U",
   "cpu": "Mixed generations: Core i5-1334U (10 cores), Core 7 240H (10 cores), Core 5 210H (8 cores), U-series 6 to 10 cores",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Iris Xe Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-probook-4-g1ir-16",
   "max_ram_gb": 48,
   "model": "ProBook 4 G1iR 16 inch Notebook PC",
   "name": "HP ProBook 4 G1iR 16 inch Notebook PC",
   "notes": "QuickSpecs lists 8, 12, 16, 24, 32 and 48GB DDR5-5600 and says the system runs at 5200 MT/s. Bandwidth left empty because this sheet does not print the channel count.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 12,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 44
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c09119776.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-probook-4-g1ir-16/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 (model numbers in the QuickSpecs table)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 (model numbers in the QuickSpecs table)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 500 Ada Laptop GPU (4GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-8-g1i-14-rtx-500-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook 8 G1i 14 Mobile Workstation (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook 8 G1i 14 Mobile Workstation (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints 4 GB GDDR6 dedicated for this GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop row not in chips.csv. The QuickSpecs also lists integrated Arc 140T/130T options (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 modules also listed)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09133731",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-8-g1i-14-rtx-500-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 4,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 (model numbers in the QuickSpecs table)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 (model numbers in the QuickSpecs table)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 500 Ada Laptop GPU (4GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-8-g1i-16-rtx-500-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook 8 G1i 16 Mobile Workstation (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook 8 G1i 16 Mobile Workstation (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints 4 GB GDDR6 dedicated for this GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop row not in chips.csv. The QuickSpecs also lists integrated Arc 140T/130T options (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 modules also listed)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09133729",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-8-g1i-16-rtx-500-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 4,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 288,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H or 338H (more Series 3 options listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H or 338H (more Series 3 options listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 500 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (6GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-8-g2i-14-rtx-pro-500",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook 8 G2i 14 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 500 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook 8 G2i 14 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 500 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP lists RTX PRO 500 Blackwell as the only discrete option; VRAM and bandwidth from the NVIDIA compare page. Same QuickSpecs also lists Intel Arc Pro B390/B370 integrated options (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.4,
        0.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (also LPDDR5X-8533 onboard 32GB and 64GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09233926",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-8-g2i-14-rtx-pro-500/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 1000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (6 GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-1000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM for each GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. QuickSpecs version dated August 2025; ECC options exist for the larger GPUs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (4 slots; system runs at 4000 MT/s with 2 DIMMs per channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08937569",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-1000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 2000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (8 GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-2000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM for each GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. QuickSpecs version dated August 2025; ECC options exist for the larger GPUs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (4 slots; system runs at 4000 MT/s with 2 DIMMs per channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08937569",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-2000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 3500 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (12 GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-3500-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 3500 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 3500 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM for each GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. QuickSpecs version dated August 2025; ECC options exist for the larger GPUs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (4 slots; system runs at 4000 MT/s with 2 DIMMs per channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08937569",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-3500-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 4000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (12 GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-4000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 4000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 4000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM for each GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. QuickSpecs version dated August 2025; ECC options exist for the larger GPUs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (4 slots; system runs at 4000 MT/s with 2 DIMMs per channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08937569",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-4000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i9-13950HX or i9-14900HX; Core i7-13850HX or i7-14700HX; Core i5-13600HX (more listed)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 5000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (16 GB GDDR6 dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-5000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 5000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury 16 G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 5000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM for each GPU. Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. QuickSpecs version dated August 2025; ECC options exist for the larger GPUs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (4 slots; system runs at 4000 MT/s with 2 DIMMs per channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08937569",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-16-g11-rtx-5000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 245HX; Core Ultra 7 255HX or 265HX; Core Ultra 9 285HX (plus 270HX Plus and 290HX Plus options)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-2000",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of five discrete options. Maximum is 192GB non-ECC (128GB with ECC). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM options)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153575",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-2000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 245HX; Core Ultra 7 255HX or 265HX; Core Ultra 9 285HX (plus 270HX Plus and 290HX Plus options)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-3000",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of five discrete options. Maximum is 192GB non-ECC (128GB with ECC). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM options)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153575",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-3000/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 245HX; Core Ultra 7 255HX or 265HX; Core Ultra 9 285HX (plus 270HX Plus and 290HX Plus options)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-4000",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of five discrete options. Maximum is 192GB non-ECC (128GB with ECC). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM options)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153575",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-4000/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 245HX; Core Ultra 7 255HX or 265HX; Core Ultra 9 285HX (plus 270HX Plus and 290HX Plus options)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-5000",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Fury G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of five discrete options. Maximum is 192GB non-ECC (128GB with ECC). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM options)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153575",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-fury-g1i-16-rtx-pro-5000/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 1000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (6 GB dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-1000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM (as DDR6 in the QuickSpecs, read as GDDR6). Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. Also lists RTX 4070 Laptop GPU with no VRAM figure (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (system runs at 5200 MT/s)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08993016",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-1000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 2000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (8 GB dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-2000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM (as DDR6 in the QuickSpecs, read as GDDR6). Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. Also lists RTX 4070 Laptop GPU with no VRAM figure (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (system runs at 5200 MT/s)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08993016",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-2000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 135H; Core Ultra 7 155H or 165H; Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 3000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (8 GB dedicated)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-3000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 3000 Ada)",
   "name": "HP ZBook Studio 16 inch G11 Mobile Workstation PC (RTX 3000 Ada)",
   "notes": "HP prints the VRAM (as DDR6 in the QuickSpecs, read as GDDR6). Bandwidth empty: NVIDIA Ada professional laptop rows are not in chips.csv. Also lists RTX 4070 Laptop GPU with no VRAM figure (not a row). QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (system runs at 5200 MT/s)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c08993016",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-studio-16-g11-rtx-3000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 256,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ PRO 395",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI Max+ PRO 395 (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon 8060S (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "hp-zbook-ultra-14-g1a",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook Ultra 14 G1a",
   "name": "HP ZBook Ultra 14 G1a",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is AMD's figure for the Ryzen AI Max+ 395 (on its Ryzen AI Halo page); HP lists the memory as LPDDR5X-8533, AMD lists a maximum of 8000, so real bandwidth may differ. Other chip options are Max PRO 390, 385 and 380.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        45,
        83
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        36,
        67
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        27,
        50
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        20,
        38
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        18,
        34
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        17,
        32
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        11,
        21
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        9.8,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        22,
        41
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        26,
        49
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 124
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09119722",
    "https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/ryzen-ai-halo/ryzen-ai-max-plus-395.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-ultra-14-g1a/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225H or 235H; Core Ultra 7 255H or 265H; Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g1i-16-rtx-pro-1000",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook X G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "Same chassis and memory as the RTX PRO 2000 row. The HP page gives 8GB for this GPU; bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153573",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g1i-16-rtx-pro-1000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225H or 235H; Core Ultra 7 255H or 265H; Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (8GB)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g1i-16-rtx-pro-2000",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ZBook X G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G1i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists 16GB to 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots, and RTX PRO 500, 1000 or 2000 as discrete options. The HP page gives 8GB for this GPU; bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09153573",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g1i-16-rtx-pro-2000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-1000",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of four discrete options; the VRAM and bandwidth figures are from the NVIDIA professional laptop compare page, not the QuickSpecs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM with 1x64GB or 128GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09227454",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-1000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-2000",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of four discrete options; the VRAM and bandwidth figures are from the NVIDIA professional laptop compare page, not the QuickSpecs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM with 1x64GB or 128GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09227454",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-2000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-3000",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 3000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of four discrete options; the VRAM and bandwidth figures are from the NVIDIA professional laptop compare page, not the QuickSpecs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM with 1x64GB or 128GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09227454",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-3000/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 288,
   "brand": "HP",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H; Core Ultra 7 366H or 356H; Core Ultra 5 336H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 500 Blackwell Generation Laptop GPU (6GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-500",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 500 Blackwell)",
   "name": "HP ZBook X G2i 16 inch Mobile Workstation PC (RTX PRO 500 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "HP QuickSpecs lists this GPU as one of four discrete options; the VRAM and bandwidth figures are from the NVIDIA professional laptop compare page, not the QuickSpecs. QuickSpecs version dated in the document; read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 48,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.4,
        0.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        50,
        94
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.1,
        5.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.9,
        5.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.9,
        3.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.7,
        3.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.9,
        1.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.4,
        0.7
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.2,
        5.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM (DDR5-6400 CSODIMM with 1x64GB or 128GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/GetDocument.aspx?docname=c09227454",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/hp-zbook-x-g2i-16-rtx-pro-500/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Huawei",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-12450H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i5-12450H",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "huawei-matebook-d-14-2024-12th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "MateBook D 14 (2024, 12th Gen Core)",
   "name": "Huawei MateBook D 14 (2024, 12th Gen Core)",
   "notes": "Huawei lists 8 GB and 16 GB with LPDDR4X printed once after the sizes. Maximum memory is not printed. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 8,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR4X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/laptops/matebook-d-14-2024-12th-gen-core/specs/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/huawei-matebook-d-14-2024-12th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Huawei",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5-13420H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i5-13420H",
   "gpu": "Intel UHD Graphics",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "huawei-matebook-d-14-2024-13th-gen-core",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "MateBook D 14 (2024, 13th Gen Core)",
   "name": "Huawei MateBook D 14 (2024, 13th Gen Core)",
   "notes": "Huawei lists one memory option, 16 GB LPDDR4X. Maximum memory is not printed. Read 2026-10-28.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR4X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/laptops/matebook-d-14-2024-13th-gen-core/specs/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/huawei-matebook-d-14-2024-13th-gen-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225H, Ultra 7 255H or Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 225H, Core Ultra 7 255H, Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 130T or 140T GPU (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-ideapad-pro-5-14iah10",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "IdeaPad Pro 5 14IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo IdeaPad Pro 5 14IAH10",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533 soldered, dual-channel but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure. PSREF lists 24GB and 32GB soldered LPDDR5X-8533.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/IdeaPad/IdeaPad_Pro_5_14IAH10/IdeaPad_Pro_5_14IAH10_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-ideapad-pro-5-14iah10/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5/7/9 H series",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-ideapad-pro-5-16iah10-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "IdeaPad Pro 5 16IAH10 (RTX 5050)",
   "name": "Lenovo IdeaPad Pro 5 16IAH10 (RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 16GB, 24GB and 32GB soldered, and the RTX 5050 as a discrete option next to Intel Arc 130T/140T. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 or LPDDR5X-8533, soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/IdeaPad/IdeaPad_Pro_5_16IAH10/IdeaPad_Pro_5_16IAH10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-ideapad-pro-5-16iah10-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225H or Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 225H, Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 130T or 140T GPU (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-ideapad-slim-5-14iah10",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "IdeaPad Slim 5 14IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo IdeaPad Slim 5 14IAH10",
   "notes": "PSREF lists up to 24GB at DDR5-4800 or up to 32GB at DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots; Arc needs 16GB in dual channel. Bandwidth is empty because two speeds are listed.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/IdeaPad/IdeaPad_Slim_5_14IAH10/IdeaPad_Slim_5_14IAH10_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-ideapad-slim-5-14iah10/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 225H or Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 225H, Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 130T or 140T GPU (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-ideapad-slim-5-16iah10",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "IdeaPad Slim 5 16IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo IdeaPad Slim 5 16IAH10",
   "notes": "PSREF lists up to 24GB at DDR5-4800 or up to 32GB at DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots; Arc needs 16GB in dual channel. Bandwidth is empty because two speeds are listed.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/IdeaPad/IdeaPad_Slim_5_16IAH10/IdeaPad_Slim_5_16IAH10_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-ideapad-slim-5-16iah10/",
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   "year": null
  },
  {
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   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
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   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion 5 15IRX10 (RTX 5050)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion 5 15IRX10 (RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists up to 32GB DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots and 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU. Chip and cpu are copied from the existing RTX 5060 row for the same PSREF file. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for this GPU.",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
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       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
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       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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       "model": "gemma3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
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       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "model": "phi4-14b",
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       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
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   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_5_15IRX10/Legion_5_15IRX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-5-15irx10-rtx-5050/",
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   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
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   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
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   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion 5 15IRX10 (RTX 5070)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion 5 15IRX10 (RTX 5070)",
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    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
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       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
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       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
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       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "model": "phi4-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
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        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
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       "speed": [
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        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "model": "qwen3-32b",
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        1,
        1.9
       ],
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_5_15IRX10/Legion_5_15IRX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-5-15irx10-rtx-5070/",
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   "year": null
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   "name": "Lenovo Legion 5 16IAX10",
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     "rows": [
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        125
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        76
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        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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        7.2
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      {
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       "speed": [
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        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
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       "model": "phi4-14b",
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        4
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      {
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
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       "speed": [
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        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
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        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
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      }
     ],
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    }
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   "os": "Windows 11",
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   "source_urls": [
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    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
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   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-legion-5i-gen10-15irx10-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion 5i Gen 10 (15IRX10)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion 5i Gen 10 (15IRX10)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 32GB. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_5_15IRX10/Legion_5_15IRX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-5i-gen10-15irx10-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX (other HX options on the page)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-legion-7-16iax10-rtx-5070-12gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion 7 16IAX10 (RTX 5070 12GB)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion 7 16IAX10 (RTX 5070 12GB)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 32GB and lists RTX 5060 (8GB), RTX 5070 (12GB) and RTX 5070 (8GB). GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the RTX 5070 laptop GPU, sourced from Framework.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        27,
        51
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        26,
        48
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 or DDR5-6400 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_7_16IAX10/Legion_7_16IAX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-7-16iax10-rtx-5070-12gb/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 HX",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 251HX/255HX, Core Ultra 9 275HX/290HX Plus",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-legion-pro-5-16iax10-rtx-5070-12gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion Pro 5 16IAX10 (RTX 5070, 12GB)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion Pro 5 16IAX10 (RTX 5070, 12GB)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists up to 32GB DDR5-5600 or DDR5-6400 and prints both a 12GB and an 8GB GDDR7 RTX 5070. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for the matching RTX 5070 variant.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        27,
        51
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        26,
        48
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM or DDR5-6400 CSODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_Pro_5_16IAX10/Legion_Pro_5_16IAX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-pro-5-16iax10-rtx-5070-12gb/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 HX",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 251HX/255HX, Core Ultra 9 275HX/290HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-legion-pro-5-16iax10-rtx-5070-8gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Legion Pro 5 16IAX10 (RTX 5070, 8GB)",
   "name": "Lenovo Legion Pro 5 16IAX10 (RTX 5070, 8GB)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists up to 32GB DDR5-5600 or DDR5-6400 and prints both a 12GB and an 8GB GDDR7 RTX 5070. Bandwidth is the figure in our chip list for the matching RTX 5070 variant.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM or DDR5-6400 CSODIMM",
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    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_Pro_5_16IAX10/Legion_Pro_5_16IAX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
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   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-pro-5-16iax10-rtx-5070-8gb/",
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  },
  {
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   "name": "Lenovo Legion Pro 5i Gen 10 (16IAX10)",
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       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band": "Fast",
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       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
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        41,
        76
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
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       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
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       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
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       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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        2.2,
        4.2
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
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       "band": "Slow",
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        4.1
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
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      },
      {
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       "band": "Moderate",
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       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
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       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
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   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-pro-5i-gen10-16iax10-rtx-5060/",
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   "year": null
  },
  {
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   "id": "lenovo-legion-pro-7-gen10-16afr10h-rtx-5080",
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     "ram_gb": 64,
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      {
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       "speed": [
        157,
        291
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        125,
        233
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      {
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       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
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        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
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       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
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       "speed": [
        34,
        63
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      },
      {
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       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
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        5.1
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
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       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
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        4.4
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
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       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
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       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
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      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
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   "source_urls": [
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    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-pro-7-gen10-16afr10h-rtx-5080/",
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  },
  {
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        218
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      },
      {
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       "speed": [
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        175
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        132
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      },
      {
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        99
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        89
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
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       "speed": [
        45,
        84
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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        8.1
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
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        7.3
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       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
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        7.2
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      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
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        7
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        16
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       "speed": [
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        19
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      {
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        3.3
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        1.5
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      },
      {
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       "band": "Unclear",
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        14
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      }
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    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
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        233
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        176
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      {
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        119
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       "badge": "Estimated",
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        112
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      {
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        72
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      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Fits",
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        65
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       "thinking": "yes"
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      {
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        64
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        63
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      {
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        145
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      {
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        170
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      {
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       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
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       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-6400 SODIMM",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Legion/Legion_Pro_7_16IAX10H/Legion_Pro_7_16IAX10H_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-legion-pro-7i-gen10-16iax10h-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i5 or i7 HX (13th or 14th generation)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core i5-13450HX, i5-14500HX, i7-13650HX, i7-14650HX and others on the page",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-loq-15irx10-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "LOQ 15IRX10 (RTX 5060)",
   "name": "Lenovo LOQ 15IRX10 (RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 32GB and lists RTX 5050, 5060 and 5070 options, all with 8GB or 12GB GDDR7. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-4800 or DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/LOQ/LOQ_15IRX10/LOQ_15IRX10_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-loq-15irx10-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1, U and H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H, Core Ultra 7 155U/165U/155H",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-e14-gen6-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad E14 Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad E14 Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Peak figure with two modules fitted. PSREF states up to 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_E14_Gen_6_Intel/ThinkPad_E14_Gen_6_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-e14-gen6-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1, U and H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H/135H, Core Ultra 7 155U/165U",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-l14-gen5-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad L14 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad L14 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Peak figure with two modules fitted. PSREF states up to 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_L14_Gen_5_Intel/ThinkPad_L14_Gen_5_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-l14-gen5-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra H series",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 H series",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen7-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad P1 Gen 7",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P1 Gen 7",
   "notes": "PSREF lists RTX 4060 and 4070 (8GB GDDR6) and RTX 1000, 2000 and 3000 Ada options; maximum memory 64GB on one LPCAMM2 module. NVIDIA's RTX 40 laptop page gives no bandwidth figure, so it is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 (LPCAMM2)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_7/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_7_Spec.PDF"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen7-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 235H, Core Ultra 7 255H and other H-series options",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell Generation 8GB GDDR7 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen8-rtx-pro-1000",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad P1 Gen 8 (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P1 Gen 8 (RTX PRO 1000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists one LPCAMM2 slot with 16GB, 32GB or 64GB modules and this GPU as a discrete option next to Intel Arc 140T. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (LPCAMM2)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_8/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_8_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen8-rtx-pro-1000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 235H, Core Ultra 7 255H and other H-series options",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell Generation 8GB GDDR7 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen8-rtx-pro-2000",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad P1 Gen 8 (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P1 Gen 8 (RTX PRO 2000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists one LPCAMM2 slot with 16GB, 32GB or 64GB modules and this GPU as a discrete option next to Intel Arc 140T. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (LPCAMM2)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_8/ThinkPad_P1_Gen_8_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p1-gen8-rtx-pro-2000/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5, 7 or 9 (Series 1, H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125H/135H, 7 155H/165H, 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 500 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (4GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p14s-gen5-intel-rtx-500-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "ThinkPad P14s Gen 5 (Intel, RTX 500 Ada)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P14s Gen 5 (Intel, RTX 500 Ada)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 96GB (2 x 48GB) DDR5-5600 and 4GB GDDR6 for the RTX 500 Ada. NVIDIA bandwidth for this GPU is not in our chip list, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P14s_Gen_5_Intel/ThinkPad_P14s_Gen_5_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p14s-gen5-intel-rtx-500-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 4,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra HX (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 245HX, Core Ultra 9 275HX, 285HX and other HX options",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell Generation 24GB GDDR7 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p16-gen3-rtx-pro-5000",
   "max_ram_gb": 192,
   "model": "ThinkPad P16 Gen 3 (RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P16 Gen 3 (RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 192GB non-ECC (4 x 48GB) or 128GB ECC, in four slots; only the maximum is given as a total. RTX PRO 1000 to 4000 are separate options. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA professional laptop compare page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 192,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM or DDR5-6400 CSODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P16_Gen_3/ThinkPad_P16_Gen_3_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/products/workstations/professional-laptops/compare/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p16-gen3-rtx-pro-5000/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 (Series 1, H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H, 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 1000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (6GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-1000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 1000 Ada)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 96GB (2 x 48GB) DDR5-5600 and 6GB GDDR6 for the RTX 1000 Ada. NVIDIA bandwidth for this GPU is not in our chip list, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 6
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-1000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 6,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 (Series 1, H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H, 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 2000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-2000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 2000 Ada)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 96GB (2 x 48GB) DDR5-5600 and 8GB GDDR6 for the RTX 2000 Ada. NVIDIA bandwidth for this GPU is not in our chip list, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-2000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 (Series 1, H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H, 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 3000 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-3000-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 3000 Ada)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 3000 Ada)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 96GB (2 x 48GB) DDR5-5600 and 8GB GDDR6 for the RTX 3000 Ada. NVIDIA bandwidth for this GPU is not in our chip list, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-3000-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 (Series 1, H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 155H/165H, 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA RTX 500 Ada Generation Laptop GPU (4GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-500-ada",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad P16v Gen 2 (RTX 500 Ada)",
   "notes": "PSREF states up to 96GB (2 x 48GB) DDR5-5600 and 4GB GDDR6 for the RTX 500 Ada. NVIDIA bandwidth for this GPU is not in our chip list, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 4
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2/ThinkPad_P16v_Gen_2_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-p16v-gen2-rtx-500-ada/",
   "vram_gb": 4,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1, U and H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H/135H, Core Ultra 7 155U/165U/155H/165H",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t14-gen5-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T14 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T14 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Peak figure with two modules fitted. PSREF states up to 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T14_Gen_5_Intel/ThinkPad_T14_Gen_5_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t14-gen5-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7, Arrow Lake or Lunar Lake",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t14-gen6-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T14 Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T14 Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "notes": "PSREF: Lunar Lake has 16 or 32GB soldered; Arrow Lake takes up to 64GB DDR5-5600. Intel does not publish a bandwidth figure on its product pages, so it is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (Lunar Lake) or DDR5-5600 (Arrow Lake)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T14_Gen_6_Intel/ThinkPad_T14_Gen_6_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t14-gen6-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 120,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI PRO 300 series",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 5 or 7 PRO 300 (Krackan Point or Strix Point)",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-amd",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (AMD)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (AMD)",
   "notes": "PSREF: 16GB only with Krackan Point, 64GB only with Strix Point. AMD's product pages do not publish a bandwidth figure for the Ryzen AI 300 series, so it is left empty. Derived peak: the maker page states LPDDR5X-7500 but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 7500 MT/s / 8 = 120GB/s.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_AMD/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_AMD_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-amd/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5/7 U or H series (Arrow Lake) or V series (Lunar Lake)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (Intel)",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 16GB, 32GB and 64GB soldered, dual channel. Derived peak, using the slower of the two versions: 128 bits x 7467 / 8 / 1000 = 119.5GB/s (Arrow Lake, LPDDR5X-7467). Lunar Lake versions run LPDDR5X-8533, which gives 136.5GB/s by the same method.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533 (Lunar Lake) or LPDDR5X-7467 (Arrow Lake), soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_Intel/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_Intel_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Elite X1E-78-100",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Elite (12 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-snapdragon",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (Snapdragon)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T14s Gen 6 (Snapdragon)",
   "notes": "Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Elite family (X1E-78-100 is listed in its brief).",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-8448 soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_Qualcomm/ThinkPad_T14s_Gen_6_Qualcomm_Spec.pdf",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Product-Brief-Snapdragon-X-Elite.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t14s-gen6-snapdragon/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 89.6,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1, U and H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H/135H, Core Ultra 7 155U/165U/155H/165H",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-t16-gen3-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad T16 Gen 3 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad T16 Gen 3 (Intel)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 5600 MT/s / 8 = 89.6GB/s. Peak figure with two modules fitted. PSREF states up to 64GB DDR5-5600 in two SODIMM slots.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        16,
        29
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        13,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        7.1,
        13
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        6.4,
        12
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        3.5,
        6.5
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.4,
        6.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        7.8,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.6,
        2.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.7,
        1.4
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 SODIMM",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_T16_Gen_3/ThinkPad_T16_Gen_3_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-t16-gen3-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H or Core Ultra 7 155U/165U/155H/165H",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-gen12",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 12",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 12",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 16GB, 32GB and 64GB soldered. The memory is LPDDR5X-7500 but runs at 6400 on this platform, per PSREF. Derived: PSREF lists 8 channels of LPDDR5X (8 x 16 bits = 128 bits); 128 bits x 6400 / 8 / 1000 = 102.4GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400, soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_X1_Carbon_Gen_12/ThinkPad_X1_Carbon_Gen_12_Spec.PDF"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-gen12/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V, U or H series)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-gen13",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 13",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 13",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 16, 32 and 64GB soldered memory. Intel does not publish a bandwidth figure on its product pages, so it is left empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_X1_Carbon_Gen_13/ThinkPad_X1_Carbon_Gen_13_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-gen13/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 102.4,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (Series 1, U and H)",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 5 125U/135U/125H, Core Ultra 7 155U/165U/155H",
   "gpu": "Intel Graphics or Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-thinkpad-x13-gen5-intel",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "ThinkPad X13 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "name": "Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen 5 (Intel)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-6400 soldered, dual-channel but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 6400 MT/s / 8 = 102.4GB/s. Peak figure. PSREF lists 16GB, 32GB and 64GB soldered LPDDR5X-6400.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        18,
        33
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        7.3,
        14
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        6.9,
        13
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4,
        7.4
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        8.9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 60
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-6400 soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/ThinkPad/ThinkPad_X13_Gen_5/ThinkPad_X13_Gen_5_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-thinkpad-x13-gen5-intel/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 or 9 H (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7/9 H series (Arrow Lake)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 140T GPU (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-yoga-pro-7-14iah10",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Yoga Pro 7 14IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo Yoga Pro 7 14IAH10",
   "notes": "PSREF states 32GB soldered, dual channel. Derived: 128 bits x 8533 / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533, soldered",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Yoga/Yoga_Pro_7_14IAH10/Yoga_Pro_7_14IAH10_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-yoga-pro-7-14iah10/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H or Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 255H or Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-yoga-pro-9-16iah10-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Yoga Pro 9 16IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo Yoga Pro 9 16IAH10",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU, 32GB and 64GB soldered memory (not upgradable); the same page also lists RTX 5070 (no bandwidth row for it). Category is our judgement for a creator-class 16-inch laptop. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/Product/Yoga/Yoga_Pro_9_16IAH10",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-yoga-pro-9-16iah10-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "workstation",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H or Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Core Ultra 7 255H or Core Ultra 9 285H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lenovo-yoga-pro-9-16iah10-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Yoga Pro 9 16IAH10",
   "name": "Lenovo Yoga Pro 9 16IAH10",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 8GB GDDR7 for this GPU, 32GB and 64GB soldered memory (not upgradable); the same page also lists RTX 5070 (no bandwidth row for it). Category is our judgement for a creator-class 16-inch laptop. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/Product/Yoga/Yoga_Pro_9_16IAH10",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-yoga-pro-9-16iah10-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Lenovo",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 V (Series 2)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5/7 V series (Lunar Lake)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc 130V or 140V (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lenovo-yoga-slim-7-14ill10",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Yoga Slim 7 14ILL10",
   "name": "Lenovo Yoga Slim 7 14ILL10",
   "notes": "PSREF lists 16GB and 32GB soldered, dual channel. Derived: 128 bits x 8533 / 8 / 1000 = 136.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533, on package",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Yoga/Yoga_Slim_7_14ILL10/Yoga_Slim_7_14ILL10_Spec.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lenovo-yoga-slim-7-14ill10/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 155H (16 cores: 6P + 8E + 2 LPE)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-17-17z90s-v-apc8u1",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram 17 (17Z90S-V.APC8U1)",
   "name": "LG gram 17 (17Z90S-V.APC8U1)",
   "notes": "The page lists 32GB and 1TB storage. Derived: 128 bits x 7467 (LG states 7467 MHz, read as MT/s) / 8 / 1000 = 119.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Pro",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-17z90s-v.apc8u1"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-17-17z90s-v-apc8u1/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H (16 cores: 6P + 8E + 2 LPE)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "lg-gram-pro-16-16z90tr-e-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram Pro 16 (16Z90TR-E.APB6U1)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro 16 (16Z90TR-E.APB6U1)",
   "notes": "LG lists one configuration: 32GB LPDDR5X, 1TB storage, RTX 5050 with GDDR7 8GB. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. LG does not state a model year on the page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Pro",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16z90tr-e.apb6u1",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-pro-16-16z90tr-e-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra X7",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra X7 (exact model not named on the page)",
   "gpu": "Intel integrated graphics",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-pro-16-16z90u-k",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram Pro 16 Copilot+ PC (16Z90U-K.AUB6U1)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro 16 Copilot+ PC (16Z90U-K.AUB6U1)",
   "notes": "The consumer page names the chip family, 32GB LPDDR5X and 1TB SSD but no memory speed or processor model number, so bandwidth is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16z90u-k.aub6u1-gram-laptop"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-pro-16-16z90u-k/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 120,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra U7 355",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra U7 355 (8 cores: 4P + 4 LP-E)",
   "gpu": "Intel graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-pro-16-16zb90u-t",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram Pro 16 for business (16ZB90U-T.AZ87U1)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro 16 for business (16ZB90U-T.AZ87U1)",
   "notes": "The page lists 32GB, 1TB storage and marks it a Copilot+ PC. Derived: LG states dual channel LPDDR5X at 7500MHz (read as 7500 MT/s); 128 bits x 7500 / 8 / 1000 = 120.0GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.6,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8.1,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        4.7,
        8.7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        4.6,
        8.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        4.5,
        8.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        12,
        23
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16zb90u-T.az87u1"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-pro-16-16zb90u-t/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 134.4,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H (16 cores: 6P + 8E + 2 LPE)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-pro-16-16z90tp-k",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram Pro 16 OLED (16Z90TP-K)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro 16 OLED (16Z90TP-K)",
   "notes": "Two LG part numbers: APB3U1 lists 16GB, APB6U1 lists 32GB. Derived: LG states dual channel LPDDR5X at 8400MHz (read as 8400 MT/s); 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8400 / 8 / 1000 = 134.4GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16z90tp-k.apb3u1",
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16z90tp-k.apb6u1"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-pro-16-16z90tp-k/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 134.4,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H (16 cores: 6P + 8E + 2 LPE)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-pro-17-17z90tp-g",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "gram Pro 17 (17Z90TP-G.APB6U1)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro 17 (17Z90TP-G.APB6U1)",
   "notes": "The page lists 32GB and 512GB storage. Derived: 128 bits x 8400 (LG states 8400MHz, read as MT/s) / 8 / 1000 = 134.4GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.7
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8400 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-17z90tp-g.apb6u1"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-pro-17-17z90tp-g/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 119.5,
   "brand": "LG",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 125H (14 cores: 4P + 8E + 2 LPE)",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "lg-gram-16-16z90sp-v",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "gram Pro Business Laptop (discontinued on LG's page) (16Z90SP-V.APB3U1)",
   "name": "LG gram Pro Business Laptop (discontinued on LG's page) (16Z90SP-V.APB3U1)",
   "notes": "The page lists 16GB and 512GB storage. Derived: LG states dual channel LPDDR5X at 7467MHz (read as 7467 MT/s); 128 bits x 7467 / 8 / 1000 = 119.5GB/s peak.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        21,
        39
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        17,
        31
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        13,
        24
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        9.5,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        8.5,
        16
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        8,
        15
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7467 (dual channel)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://solutions.lg.com/us/laptops/lg-16z90sp-v.apb3u1"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/lg-gram-16-16z90sp-v/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Microsoft",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus or X Elite",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P64100 or X Elite X1E80100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "microsoft-surface-laptop-7th-edition-snapdragon",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Surface Laptop 7th Edition (13.8 and 15-inch)",
   "name": "Microsoft Surface Laptop 7th Edition (13.8 and 15-inch)",
   "notes": "The May 2024 fact sheet lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5x. Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Elite and X Plus families.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.microsoft.com/content/dam/microsoft/final/en-us/microsoft-product-and-services/surface/surface-laptop/surface-laptop-7th-edition/MSFT-Microsoft-Surface-Laptop-7th-Edition-Fact-Sheet.pdf",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Product-Brief-Snapdragon-X-Elite.pdf",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-8-Core-Product-Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/microsoft-surface-laptop-7th-edition-snapdragon/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Microsoft",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus (8-core) X1P-42-100",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P-42-100 (8 cores)",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "microsoft-surface-laptop-13-inch-for-business-snapdragon-x-plus-8-core",
   "max_ram_gb": 24,
   "model": "Surface Laptop for Business 13-inch (Snapdragon X Plus 8-core)",
   "name": "Microsoft Surface Laptop for Business 13-inch (Snapdragon X Plus 8-core)",
   "notes": "Microsoft lists 16GB and 24GB LPDDR5x. Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Plus family.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 24,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 20
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/tech-specs/surface-laptop-copilot-plus-pc-13inch-tech-specs",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-Product-Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/microsoft-surface-laptop-13-inch-for-business-snapdragon-x-plus-8-core/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "Microsoft",
   "category": "business",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 236V, 5 238V, 7 266V, 7 268V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "microsoft-surface-laptop-7th-edition-intel-for-business",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Surface Laptop for Business 7th Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 2, 13.8 and 15-inch)",
   "name": "Microsoft Surface Laptop for Business 7th Edition (Intel Core Ultra Series 2, 13.8 and 15-inch)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5x without a speed; Intel's page for the 266V lists the speed used in our chip list but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure. Microsoft lists 16GB (236V, 266V) and 32GB (238V, 268V) LPDDR5x.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/tech-specs/surface-laptop-intel-tech-specs",
    "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/240956/intel-core-ultra-7-processor-266v-12m-cache-up-to-5-00-ghz/specifications.html"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/microsoft-surface-laptop-7th-edition-intel-for-business/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 135,
   "brand": "Microsoft",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Snapdragon X Plus (10-core) or X Elite (12-core)",
   "cpu": "Snapdragon X Plus X1P64100 or X Elite X1E80100",
   "gpu": "Qualcomm Adreno GPU",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "microsoft-surface-pro-11th-edition-snapdragon-for-business",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Surface Pro for Business 11th Edition (Snapdragon X Series)",
   "name": "Microsoft Surface Pro for Business 11th Edition (Snapdragon X Series)",
   "notes": "Microsoft lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5x. Bandwidth is Qualcomm's figure for the Snapdragon X Elite and X Plus families.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.6,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.1,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.8,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/tech-specs/surface-pro-snapdragon-tech-specs",
    "https://www.qualcomm.com/content/dam/qcomm-martech/dm-assets/documents/Snapdragon-X-Plus-Product-Brief.pdf",
    "https://docs.qualcomm.com/doc/87-71417-1/87-71417-1_REV_F_Snapdragon_X_Elite_Product_Brief.pdf"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/microsoft-surface-pro-11th-edition-snapdragon-for-business/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Microsoft",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 5 or 7 (V series)",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 5 236V or 238V; Core Ultra 7 266V or 268V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "microsoft-surface-pro-11th-edition-intel-for-business",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Surface Pro for Business, Copilot+ PC, Intel Core Ultra (Series 2), 11th Edition",
   "name": "Microsoft Surface Pro for Business, Copilot+ PC, Intel Core Ultra (Series 2), 11th Edition",
   "notes": "Microsoft lists 16GB and 32GB LPDDR5x with no speed, so bandwidth is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/tech-specs/surface-pro-intel-tech-specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/microsoft-surface-pro-11th-edition-intel-for-business/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 200H series",
   "cpu": "Up to Intel Core 7 200H series",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-15-b2rw-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Cyborg 15 (B2RWFKG, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg 15 (B2RWFKG, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "MSI states DDR5-5600 and a maximum of 96GB in 2 slots; no smaller sizes are itemised. The GPU runs at a lower power limit than the Katana. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600, 2 slots",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-15-B2RWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-15-b2rw-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5050)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 8GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-15-MAX-C2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5060)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. One SKU lists a single 8GB DDR4-3200 module, not counted in the options.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600, 2 slots (one SKU lists 8GB DDR4-3200)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-15-MAX-C2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core 7 240H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5070)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg 15 Max (C2WX) (RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600, 2 slots",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-15-MAX-C2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-15-max-c2wx-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-a15-ai-b2hwx-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5050)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-A15-B2HWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-a15-ai-b2hwx-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 260 or Ryzen 9 270",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 260 or Ryzen 9 270",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-cyborg-a15-ai-b2hwx-rtx-5060",
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   "model": "Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5060)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5060)",
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   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
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    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-A15-B2HWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-a15-ai-b2hwx-rtx-5060/",
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  },
  {
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   "category": "gaming",
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   "model": "Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5070)",
   "name": "MSI Cyborg A15 AI (B2HWX) (RTX 5070)",
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   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
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       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Cyborg-A15-B2HWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-cyborg-a15-ai-b2hwx-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9 HX (14th generation) or lower HX options",
   "cpu": "Up to Intel Core i9 HX (14th Gen)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5050 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-katana-15-hx-b14w-rtx-5050",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Katana 15 HX (B14WEK, RTX 5050)",
   "name": "MSI Katana 15 HX (B14WEK, RTX 5050)",
   "notes": "MSI states up to DDR5-5600 and a maximum of 96GB in 2 slots; no smaller sizes are itemised. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600, 2 slots",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.msi.com/Laptop/Katana-15-HX-B14WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-katana-15-hx-b14w-rtx-5050/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core i9 HX (14th generation) or lower HX options",
   "cpu": "Up to Intel Core i9 HX (14th Gen)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-katana-15-hx-b14w-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 96,
   "model": "Katana 15 HX (B14WFK, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "MSI Katana 15 HX (B14WFK, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "MSI states up to DDR5-5600 and a maximum of 96GB in 2 slots; no smaller sizes are itemised. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 96,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.3,
        7.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600, 2 slots",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.msi.com/Laptop/Katana-15-HX-B14WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-katana-15-hx-b14w-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-katana-a15-ai-b8vx-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Katana A15 AI (B8VX) (RTX 4060)",
   "name": "MSI Katana A15 AI (B8VX) (RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs on that page, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Katana-A15-AI-B8VX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-katana-a15-ai-b8vx-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HS or Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HS or Ryzen 7 8845HS",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-katana-a15-ai-b8vx-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Katana A15 AI (B8VX) (RTX 4070)",
   "name": "MSI Katana A15 AI (B8VX) (RTX 4070)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs on that page, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Katana-A15-AI-B8VX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-katana-a15-ai-b8vx-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "msi-prestige-13-ai-plus-evo-a2vmx",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Prestige 13 AI+ Evo (A2VMX)",
   "name": "MSI Prestige 13 AI+ Evo (A2VMX)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533MHz (read as MT/s, as for the other MSI and LG rows) but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Business-Productivity/Prestige-13-AI-plus-Evo-A2VMX/Specification"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-prestige-13-ai-plus-evo-a2vmx/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 258V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "msi-prestige-14-ai-plus-evo-c2vmx",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Prestige 14 AI+ Evo (C2VMX)",
   "name": "MSI Prestige 14 AI+ Evo (C2VMX)",
   "notes": "Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533MHz (read as MT/s, as for the LG rows) but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure. MSI prints 32GB LPDDR5X-8533MHz and no video memory figure.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Business-Productivity/Prestige-14-AI-plus-Evo-C2VMX/Specification"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-prestige-14-ai-plus-evo-c2vmx/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V, 258V or Core Ultra 9 288V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V, 258V or Core Ultra 9 288V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "msi-prestige-16-ai-plus-evo-b2vmx",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Prestige 16 AI+ Evo (B2VMX)",
   "name": "MSI Prestige 16 AI+ Evo (B2VMX)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533MHz (read as MT/s, as for the other MSI and LG rows) but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure. MSI prints no video memory figure. The maximum memory is not printed on the page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Business-Productivity/Prestige-16-AI-plus-Evo-B2VMX/Specification"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-prestige-16-ai-plus-evo-b2vmx/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365",
   "gpu": "AMD Radeon Graphics (integrated, UMA)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "msi-prestige-a16-ai-plus-a3hmx",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Prestige A16 AI+ (A3HMX)",
   "name": "MSI Prestige A16 AI+ (A3HMX)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). Bandwidth left empty: AMD lists no GB/s figure for the Ryzen AI 9 365.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-7500",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Business-Productivity/Prestige-A16-AI-plus-A3HMX/Specification"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-prestige-a16-ai-plus-a3hmx/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5070-12gb",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5070 12GB)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5070 12GB)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. MSI prints 12GB GDDR7 for the RTX 5070 SKU (Core Ultra 7 255HX).",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        27,
        51
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        26,
        48
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (up to DDR5-6400, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-16-HX-B2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5070-12gb/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (up to DDR5-6400, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-16-HX-B2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 16 HX (B2WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5 (up to DDR5-6400, 2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-16-HX-B2WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-16-hx-b2wx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Maximum capacity not printed in the SKU table.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Maximum capacity not printed in the SKU table.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 or DDR5-6400 (2 x 16GB or 2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "name": "MSI Raider 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Maximum capacity not printed in the SKU table.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 or DDR5-6400 (2 x 16GB or 2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-raider-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Raider A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Raider A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-A18-HX-A9WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX3D",
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   "model": "Raider A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5090)",
   "name": "MSI Raider A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Raider-A18-HX-A9WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-raider-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H or Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H or Core Ultra 7 155H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-14-ai-studio-a1vx-rtx-4060",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth 14 AI Studio (A1VX) (RTX 4060)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 14 AI Studio (A1VX) (RTX 4060)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs on that page, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 8GB or 2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-14-AI-Studio-A1VX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-14-ai-studio-a1vx-rtx-4060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 185H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR6)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-14-ai-studio-a1vx-rtx-4070",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth 14 AI Studio (A1VX) (RTX 4070)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 14 AI Studio (A1VX) (RTX 4070)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). NVIDIA lists no bandwidth figure for RTX 40 laptop GPUs on that page, so it is empty.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop. Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-14-AI-Studio-A1VX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/40-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-14-ai-studio-a1vx-rtx-4070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-16-ai-a2hw-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Stealth 16 AI (A2HW, RTX 5060)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 16 AI (A2HW, RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "MSI lists one part number with 32GB. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-16-AI/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-16-ai-a2hw-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 285H",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-16-ai-a2hw-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Stealth 16 AI (A2HW, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 16 AI (A2HW, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "MSI lists 32GB (2 x 16GB) and 64GB (2 x 32GB) part numbers. Max is the highest configuration listed. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070, sourced from Framework.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-16-AI/Specification",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-16-ai-a2hw-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB or 2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB or 2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth 18 HX AI (A2XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-18-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-18-hx-ai-a2xwx-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Memory shown as LPDDR5x with no speed or slot detail.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.8,
        1.5
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        7.5,
        14
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-A16-AI-Plus-A3XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Memory shown as LPDDR5x with no speed or slot detail.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-A16-AI-Plus-A3XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "name": "MSI Stealth A16 AI+ (A3XWX) (RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. Memory shown as LPDDR5x with no speed or slot detail.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Stealth-A16-AI-Plus-A3XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-stealth-a16-ai-plus-a3xwx-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 136.5,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "ultraportable",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V or 258V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V or 258V",
   "gpu": "Intel Arc Graphics (integrated)",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "msi-summit-13-ai-plus-evo-a2vmx",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Summit 13 AI+ Evo (A2VMX)",
   "name": "MSI Summit 13 AI+ Evo (A2VMX)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). Derived: the maker page states LPDDR5X-8533MHz (read as MT/s, as for the other MSI and LG rows) but not GB/s; 128 bits (two 64-bit channels) x 8533 MT/s / 8 = 136.5GB/s. Peak figure.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        24,
        44
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        19,
        35
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        14,
        27
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        11,
        20
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        9.7,
        18
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        9.2,
        17
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        5.3,
        9.9
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        5.2,
        9.8
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        5.1,
        9.5
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        14,
        26
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5x-8533",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Business-Productivity/Summit-13-AI-Plus-Evo-A2VMX/Specification"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-summit-13-ai-plus-evo-a2vmx/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "MSI lists 16GB and 32GB part numbers. Max is the highest configuration listed, not a platform limit. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-16-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU (8GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5070)",
   "name": "MSI Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "MSI lists one part number with 32GB. GPU bandwidth 384GB/s is the figure in our chip list for the 8GB RTX 5070 laptop GPU, sourced from Framework.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-16-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 255HX or Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "MSI lists 16GB (2 x 8GB) and 32GB (2 x 16GB) part numbers. Max is the highest configuration listed, not a platform limit. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-16-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (24GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5090)",
   "name": "MSI Vector 16 HX AI (A2XW, RTX 5090)",
   "notes": "MSI lists 64GB (2 x 32GB) for the RTX 5090 part number. The page gives no platform maximum, so max is the highest configuration listed. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home or Pro",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-16-HX-AI-A2XWX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-16-hx-ai-a2xw-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX or Ryzen 7 8840HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8940HX or Ryzen 7 8840HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-a16-hx-a8wx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Vector A16 HX (A8WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Vector A16 HX (A8WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. MSI prints the RTX 5070 Ti name as 5070TI.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 or DDR5-5200 (2 x 8GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-A16-HX-A8WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-a16-hx-a8wx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HX or Ryzen 9 8940HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 8945HX or Ryzen 9 8940HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-a16-hx-a8wx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Vector A16 HX (A8WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Vector A16 HX (A8WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5200 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-A16-HX-A8WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-a16-hx-a8wx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 672,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti Laptop GPU (12GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5070-ti",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Vector A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "name": "MSI Vector A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5070 Ti)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        118,
        218
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        94,
        175
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        53,
        99
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        48,
        89
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        45,
        84
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.4,
        8.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.8,
        7
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        8.8,
        16
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.1,
        3.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        19
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.8,
        3.3
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-A18-HX-A9WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5070-ti/",
   "vram_gb": 12,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "MSI",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen 9 9955HX",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (16GB GDDR7)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "msi-vector-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": null,
   "model": "Vector A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "name": "MSI Vector A18 HX (A9WX) (RTX 5080)",
   "notes": "Chip, graphics and memory read from one SKU column of the MSI specification table (read 2026-10-28); memory sizes are totals (16GB*2 = 32). GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-5600 (2 x 16GB or 2 x 32GB)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://us.msi.com/Laptop/Vector-A18-HX-A9WX/Specification",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/msi-vector-a18-hx-a9wx-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 (10 cores, 20 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-14-rtx-5060",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Blade 14 (RTX 5060)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 14 (RTX 5060)",
   "notes": "Razer lists a 16GB, 1TB model and says memory goes up to 64GB; sizes between are not itemised. Razer lists the RTX 5060 with 8 GB GDDR7; VRAM and GPU bandwidth come from NVIDIA RTX 50 laptop page. No model year on the page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        67,
        125
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        54,
        100
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        41,
        76
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        31,
        57
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        4.1,
        7.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        3.9,
        7.2
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.5,
        4.6
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.2
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.2,
        4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5,
        9.3
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.2,
        2.2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        5.9,
        11
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1,
        1.9
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        0.5,
        0.9
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 8
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8000",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-14",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-14-rtx-5060/",
   "vram_gb": 8,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 384,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365",
   "cpu": "AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 (10 cores, 20 threads)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-14-rtx-5070",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Blade 14 (RTX 5070)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 14 (RTX 5070)",
   "notes": "Razer says \"up to\" RTX 5070 and does not state VRAM, so VRAM is empty (8GB and 12GB variants exist). Our chip list lists 384GB/s for both 5070 variants (from Framework), so bandwidth is filled. Razer lists 32GB for this RTX 5070 version and up to 64GB; the 16GB figure on the page belongs to the RTX 5060 version only.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": null
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Not known",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Fit is not known: a memory figure for the laptop or the model is missing."
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": null
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-8000",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-14",
    "https://frame.work/laptop16?tab=specs"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-14-rtx-5070/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU (165W TGP)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-16-2026-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Blade 16 (2026)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 16 (2026)",
   "notes": "Razer lists \"up to 64GB\" soldered memory, not upgradeable; smaller sizes are not itemised. The 2026 column lists RTX 5080 or 5090. Razer's page does not state VRAM; VRAM and GPU bandwidth come from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-9600 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-16",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-16-2026-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 386H (16 cores)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU (165W TGP)",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-16-2026-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 64,
   "model": "Blade 16 (2026)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 16 (2026)",
   "notes": "Razer lists \"up to 64GB\" soldered memory, not upgradeable; smaller sizes are not itemised. The 2026 column lists RTX 5080 or 5090. Razer's page does not state VRAM; VRAM and GPU bandwidth come from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 64,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "LPDDR5X-9600 (soldered)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-16",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-16-2026-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (up to 5.5GHz)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-18-2026-rtx-5080",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Blade 18 (2026)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 18 (2026)",
   "notes": "Razer lists \"up to 128GB DDR5 6400MHz (2 slots)\" and states 16GB VRAM; smaller memory sizes are not itemised. The 2026 column also lists an RTX 5070 Ti 12GB. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        12,
        22
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        14,
        25
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 16
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-6400 (2 slots)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-18",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-18-2026-rtx-5080/",
   "vram_gb": 16,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": 896,
   "brand": "Razer",
   "category": "gaming",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 9 290HX Plus (up to 5.5GHz)",
   "gpu": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 Laptop GPU",
   "gpu_type": "discrete",
   "id": "razer-blade-18-2026-rtx-5090",
   "max_ram_gb": 128,
   "model": "Blade 18 (2026)",
   "name": "Razer Blade 18 (2026)",
   "notes": "Razer lists \"up to 128GB DDR5 6400MHz (2 slots)\" and states 24GB VRAM; smaller memory sizes are not itemised. The 2026 column also lists an RTX 5070 Ti 12GB. GPU bandwidth from NVIDIA's RTX 50 laptop page.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 128,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "speed": [
        157,
        291
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "speed": [
        125,
        233
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "speed": [
        95,
        176
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "speed": [
        71,
        132
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "speed": [
        64,
        119
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "speed": [
        60,
        112
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "speed": [
        39,
        72
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "speed": [
        35,
        65
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "speed": [
        34,
        64
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "speed": [
        34,
        63
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "speed": [
        78,
        145
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Slow or Moderate",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.8,
        5.1
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Fast",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "speed": [
        92,
        170
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        2.4,
        4.4
       ],
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Slow",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        1.1,
        2
       ]
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Unclear",
       "band_detail": "could be Moderate or Fast",
       "fit": "Partial offload (slow)",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5,
       "note": "Part of the model runs from system memory, which is much slower.",
       "speed": [
        10,
        18
       ],
       "thinking": "yes"
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 24
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "DDR5-6400 (2 slots)",
   "reported": [
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 6667.06,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 156.49
    },
    {
     "backend": "CUDA",
     "build": "29f1482",
     "gpu_cores": null,
     "model": "Llama 2 7B",
     "pp_tps": 7641.89,
     "quant": "Q4_0",
     "retrieved": "2026-10-10",
     "source": "llama.cpp discussion 15013",
     "source_url": "https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/discussions/15013",
     "tg_tps": 158.14
    }
   ],
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-18",
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/laptops/50-series/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/razer-blade-18-2026-rtx-5090/",
   "vram_gb": 24,
   "year": 2026
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Samsung",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V",
   "gpu": "",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "samsung-galaxy-book5-360",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Galaxy Book5 360 (15.6 inch)",
   "name": "Samsung Galaxy Book5 360 (15.6 inch)",
   "notes": "Samsung lists 16GB with 512GB. No memory type or speed on the page, so bandwidth is empty. The page prints no graphics line.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/galaxy-books/galaxy-book5-pro/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/samsung-galaxy-book5-360/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Samsung",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V or 258V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V or 258V",
   "gpu": "",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "samsung-galaxy-book5-pro",
   "max_ram_gb": 32,
   "model": "Galaxy Book5 Pro (14 and 16 inch)",
   "name": "Samsung Galaxy Book5 Pro (14 and 16 inch)",
   "notes": "Samsung lists 16GB with 512GB or 1TB, and 32GB with 1TB. Samsung states no memory type or speed on this page, so bandwidth is empty. The page prints no graphics line.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    },
    {
     "ram_gb": 32,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "yes"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Tight",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 28
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/galaxy-books/galaxy-book5-pro/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/samsung-galaxy-book5-pro/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  },
  {
   "bandwidth_gbs": null,
   "brand": "Samsung",
   "category": "copilot-pc",
   "chip": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V",
   "cpu": "Intel Core Ultra 7 256V",
   "gpu": "",
   "gpu_type": "integrated",
   "id": "samsung-galaxy-book5-pro-360",
   "max_ram_gb": 16,
   "model": "Galaxy Book5 Pro 360 (16 inch)",
   "name": "Samsung Galaxy Book5 Pro 360 (16 inch)",
   "notes": "Samsung lists 16GB with 1TB on this page. No memory type or speed, so bandwidth is empty. The page prints no graphics line.",
   "options": [
    {
     "ram_gb": 16,
     "rows": [
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-2-3b",
       "needed_gb": 5,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "gemma3-4b",
       "needed_gb": 6.7,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "mistral-7b",
       "needed_gb": 7.8,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "llama-3-1-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.3,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop."
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "band": "Not known",
       "fit": "Fits",
       "model": "qwen3-8b",
       "needed_gb": 8.9,
       "note": "Speed is not known: no sourced memory bandwidth for this laptop.",
       "thinking": "optional"
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-12b",
       "needed_gb": 15.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "deepseek-r1-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.7
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "phi4-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.9
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-14b",
       "needed_gb": 13.4
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-20b",
       "needed_gb": 16.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gemma3-27b",
       "needed_gb": 27.2
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-30b",
       "needed_gb": 22.6
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "qwen3-32b",
       "needed_gb": 26.3
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "llama-3-1-70b",
       "needed_gb": 51.5
      },
      {
       "badge": "Estimated",
       "fit": "Won't fit",
       "model": "gpt-oss-120b",
       "needed_gb": 70.5
      }
     ],
     "usable_gb": 12
    }
   ],
   "os": "Windows 11 Home",
   "ram_type": "",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/galaxy-books/galaxy-book5-pro/"
   ],
   "url": "/finder/samsung-galaxy-book5-pro-360/",
   "vram_gb": null,
   "year": null
  }
 ],
 "license": "CC BY 4.0",
 "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "models": [
  {
   "active_params_b": 3.2,
   "family": "Llama",
   "file_gb": 2,
   "id": "llama-3-2-3b",
   "kv_gb": 1.88,
   "license": "Llama 3.2 Community License",
   "name": "Llama 3.2 3B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 28 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 1.88 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Config read from the unsloth mirror because Meta's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "llama3.2:3b",
   "params_b": 3.2,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/llama3.2:3b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Llama-3.2-3B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 4,
   "family": "Qwen3",
   "file_gb": 2.5,
   "id": "qwen3-4b",
   "kv_gb": 2.42,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Qwen3 4B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 36 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.42 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Thinking mode can be switched on or off.",
   "ollama_tag": "qwen3:4b",
   "params_b": 4,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/qwen3:4b",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-4B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "optional"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 4.3,
   "family": "Gemma",
   "file_gb": 3.3,
   "id": "gemma3-4b",
   "kv_gb": 2.28,
   "license": "Gemma Terms of Use",
   "name": "Gemma 3 4B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 34 layers x 4 KV heads x 256 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.28 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Upper bound: most Gemma 3 layers use a 1024-token sliding window, so real KV use can be lower. Parameter count includes the vision encoder. Config read from the unsloth mirror because Google's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "gemma3:4b",
   "params_b": 4.3,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/gemma3:4b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-3-4b-it/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 7.2,
   "family": "Mistral",
   "file_gb": 4.4,
   "id": "mistral-7b",
   "kv_gb": 2.15,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Mistral 7B v0.3",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 32 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.15 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Head dim 128 = hidden size 4096 / 32 attention heads (not stated in the config).",
   "ollama_tag": "mistral:7b",
   "params_b": 7.2,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/mistral:7b",
    "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 8,
   "family": "Llama",
   "file_gb": 4.9,
   "id": "llama-3-1-8b",
   "kv_gb": 2.15,
   "license": "Llama 3.1 Community License",
   "name": "Llama 3.1 8B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 32 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.15 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Config read from the unsloth mirror because Meta's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "llama3.1:8b",
   "params_b": 8,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/llama3.1:8b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 8.2,
   "family": "Qwen3",
   "file_gb": 5.2,
   "id": "qwen3-8b",
   "kv_gb": 2.42,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Qwen3 8B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 36 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.42 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Thinking mode can be switched on or off (model card).",
   "ollama_tag": "qwen3:8b",
   "params_b": 8.2,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/qwen3:8b",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-8B/raw/main/config.json",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-8B"
   ],
   "thinking": "optional"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 12.2,
   "family": "Gemma",
   "file_gb": 8.1,
   "id": "gemma3-12b",
   "kv_gb": 6.44,
   "license": "Gemma Terms of Use",
   "name": "Gemma 3 12B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 48 layers x 8 KV heads x 256 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 6.44 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Upper bound: most layers use a 1024-token sliding window (pattern 6), so real KV use can be lower. Config read from the unsloth mirror because Google's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "gemma3:12b",
   "params_b": 12.2,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/gemma3:12b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-3-12b-it/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 14.8,
   "family": "DeepSeek-R1",
   "file_gb": 9,
   "id": "deepseek-r1-14b",
   "kv_gb": 3.22,
   "license": "MIT",
   "name": "DeepSeek-R1 Distill Qwen 14B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 48 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 3.22 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Distilled onto a Qwen2.5 base. Head dim 128 = hidden size 5120 / 40 attention heads (not stated in the config).",
   "ollama_tag": "deepseek-r1:14b",
   "params_b": 14.8,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/deepseek-r1:14b",
    "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "yes"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 14.7,
   "family": "Phi",
   "file_gb": 9.1,
   "id": "phi4-14b",
   "kv_gb": 3.36,
   "license": "MIT",
   "name": "Phi-4 14B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 40 layers x 10 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 3.36 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Head dim 128 = hidden size 5120 / 40 attention heads (not stated in the config).",
   "ollama_tag": "phi4:14b",
   "params_b": 14.7,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/phi4:14b",
    "https://huggingface.co/microsoft/phi-4/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 14.8,
   "family": "Qwen3",
   "file_gb": 9.3,
   "id": "qwen3-14b",
   "kv_gb": 2.68,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Qwen3 14B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 40 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 2.68 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Thinking mode can be switched on or off.",
   "ollama_tag": "qwen3:14b",
   "params_b": 14.8,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/qwen3:14b",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-14B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "optional"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 3.6,
   "family": "gpt-oss",
   "file_gb": 14,
   "id": "gpt-oss-20b",
   "kv_gb": 0.81,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "gpt-oss 20B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 24 layers x 8 KV heads x 64 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 0.81 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Mixture of experts, 32 experts, 4 active, 3.6B active parameters (model card). The Ollama file is MXFP4, not Q4_K_M. Upper bound: alternate layers use a 128-token sliding window. Reasoning level low, medium or high.",
   "ollama_tag": "gpt-oss:20b",
   "params_b": 20.9,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/gpt-oss:20b",
    "https://huggingface.co/openai/gpt-oss-20b",
    "https://huggingface.co/openai/gpt-oss-20b/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "yes"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 27.4,
   "family": "Gemma",
   "file_gb": 17,
   "id": "gemma3-27b",
   "kv_gb": 8.32,
   "license": "Gemma Terms of Use",
   "name": "Gemma 3 27B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 62 layers x 16 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 8.32 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Upper bound: most layers use a sliding window, so real KV use can be lower. Config read from the unsloth mirror because Google's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "gemma3:27b",
   "params_b": 27.4,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/gemma3:27b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-3-27b-it/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 3.3,
   "family": "Qwen3",
   "file_gb": 19,
   "id": "qwen3-30b",
   "kv_gb": 1.61,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Qwen3 30B (A3B)",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 48 layers x 4 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 1.61 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Mixture of experts: 128 experts, 8 active, 3.3B parameters active per token (model card). Measured in our benchmark.",
   "ollama_tag": "qwen3:30b",
   "params_b": 30.5,
   "quality": {
    "out_of": 10,
    "score": 9.3,
    "scorecards": [
     "macbook-pro-apple-m1-max-64-gb"
    ]
   },
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/qwen3:30b",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-30B-A3B",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-30B-A3B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "optional"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 32.8,
   "family": "Qwen3",
   "file_gb": 20,
   "id": "qwen3-32b",
   "kv_gb": 4.29,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "Qwen3 32B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 64 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 4.29 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Thinking mode can be switched on or off.",
   "ollama_tag": "qwen3:32b",
   "params_b": 32.8,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/qwen3:32b",
    "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-32B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "optional"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 70.6,
   "family": "Llama",
   "file_gb": 43,
   "id": "llama-3-1-70b",
   "kv_gb": 5.37,
   "license": "Llama 3.1 Community License",
   "name": "Llama 3.1 70B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 80 layers x 8 KV heads x 128 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 5.37 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Head dim 128 = hidden size 8192 / 64 attention heads (not stated in the config). Config read from the unsloth mirror because Meta's repository is gated.",
   "ollama_tag": "llama3.1:70b",
   "params_b": 70.6,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/llama3.1:70b",
    "https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Meta-Llama-3.1-70B/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "no"
  },
  {
   "active_params_b": 5.1,
   "family": "gpt-oss",
   "file_gb": 65,
   "id": "gpt-oss-120b",
   "kv_gb": 1.21,
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "name": "gpt-oss 120B",
   "notes": "kv_gb_16k = 2 (K and V) x 36 layers x 8 KV heads x 64 head dim x 2 bytes (fp16) x 16384 tokens / 1e9 = 1.21 GB; architecture from the model config on Hugging Face (full attention on every layer assumed). Mixture of experts, 128 experts, 4 active, 5.1B active parameters (model card). The Ollama file is MXFP4, not Q4_K_M. Upper bound: alternate layers use a 128-token sliding window. Reasoning level low, medium or high.",
   "ollama_tag": "gpt-oss:120b",
   "params_b": 117,
   "quality": null,
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ollama.com/library/gpt-oss:120b",
    "https://huggingface.co/openai/gpt-oss-120b",
    "https://huggingface.co/openai/gpt-oss-120b/raw/main/config.json"
   ],
   "thinking": "yes"
  }
 ],
 "notes": {
  "thinking_optional": "This model can reason before it answers. With reasoning on, a job takes longer than the speed alone suggests.",
  "thinking_yes": "This model writes out its reasoning before it answers, so a job takes longer than the speed alone suggests."
 },
 "version": 1
}